Impacto de la formación en pacientes con diabetes y/o hipertensión para la prevención de la enfermedad renal y cardiovascular en el ámbito de Atención Primaria

  1. A.M. Lahera García 1
  2. A. Cano Jiménez 2
  3. V. Lahera Juliá 3
  4. O. García Vallejo 4
  1. 1 Grado en Medicina, Madrid, España
  2. 2 Centro de Salud Dr. Mendiguchía y Carriche, Leganés, Madrid, España
  3. 3 Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
  4. 4 Centro de Salud Comillas, Madrid, España
Journal:
Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

ISSN: 1138-3593

Year of publication: 2022

Issue: 4

Pages: 235-244

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.SEMERG.2021.10.009 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

Introduction The prevalence of chronic kidney disease has increased globally (8–16%), mainly due to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and hypertension (HT). Education or training programs for patients with chronic diseases is considered a fundamental tool to prevent their worsening. Objectives (1) To determine whether attendance at training for patients with HT and/or diabetes affects the progression of the deterioration of renal function. (2) To assess the association of renal function with HT, DM2 and the occurrence of cardiovascular events, analyzing the influence of the control degree of blood pressure (BP) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). (3) To study the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Material and methods Retrospective analytical observational cohort study carried out in a Primary Care Center in Leganés, Madrid, using databases of patients with HT, diabetes and both pathologies simultaneously (n = 200), attending or not to the training of the medical team during the years 2017–2019. Results 120 of 200 patients received training (60% women). Only in these patients, an improvement of renal function was observed. This was accompanied by a reduction in BP and HbA1c levels, being more prominent in patients with a single pathology, especially hypertensive patients. Conclusions Training of patients was beneficial to prevent the deterioration of renal function, by means of the reduction of the BP and HbA1c. It was more evident in those who started from a worse control of both parameters. Association of renal function evolution with HT and DM2 was demonstrated.

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