Geomorfología de un sector de la cuenca de Almazán (Soria)evaluación de procesos de erosión de suelos y planteamiento de escenarios ante el cambio climático

Abstract

This report consists of two markedly different parts: In the first one it is stated a model of the geomorphologic evolution in the western sector of the Almazán basin (central Spain) and its mountain borders to the N and S, by analysing the landscape subsystems and by means of several geomorphological maps at a scale of 1:50.000: Planation surfaces and Alpine tectosedimentary evolution; the influence of the lithology and structures at macro- and mesoscales; karst systems, especially the poljes in the southern mountains and fluviokarst in gorges and canyons; fluvial systems and their terraces, with an own model for the river Duero and its tributaries; eolian landforms, virtually unknown until now; slope processes and deposits, by matching several case-profiles to different geomorphic factors.A second and applied part in which, by means of GIS and the RUSLE model, the present soil erosion in the area is assessed, where land-use and steepness are infered to be the most important factors. Next, several factors have been modified in terms of the values that they will likely reach in late 21th Century, and based on this, the effects of land use and climate change on soil erosion have been deduced. The area has been classified in several land units depending on their responses to different scenarios, and finally some possible policy and environmental actions are proposed in order to achieve a sustainable land-use.