Los sistemas políticos y su influencia en la descentralización política de América Latina (1994-2015)el caso de Chile, Colombia y Perú

Résumé

Since the mid-eighties more than sixty governments, mostly developing countries, have experienced some form of decentralization. A phenomenon that has also occurred in Latin America with certain distinctive and shared characteristics in the countries of the region, especially in the cases of Chile, Colombia and Peru. Recent studies on political decentralization in Latin American countries have tended to examine it as a modernization strategy to improve State efficiency within the framework of the process of democratization and economic restructuring, paying little or no attention to political decentralization as a dependent variable and the to the factors that determine the degree of decentralization of a country, including the political system. In this sense, the present research seeks to contribute to cover part of this gap on the basis of two fundamental questions: (1) Does the "political system" affect the degree of "political decentralization" in all Latin American countries during the period 1994 - 2015? And, in particular. (2) How has the relationship between the "economic system" and the "political decentralization" in the constitutional designs of Chile, Colombia and Peru? In order to answer both questions, a case study (Chile, Colombia and Peru) is carried out in a mixed methodological strategy with a first quantitative phase followed by a second qualitative phase...