Google es noticia. Transformación de los marcos informativos sobre Google en la prensa española

  1. García Romero, Enrique 1
  2. Ruiz San Román, José Antonio 2
  3. Serrano Oceja, José Francisco 1
  1. 1 Universidad CEU San Pablo
    info

    Universidad CEU San Pablo

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00tvate34

  2. 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

Revista:
Icono14

ISSN: 1697-8293

Any de publicació: 2018

Títol de l'exemplar: Ibero-American data journalism: development, contestation, and social change

Volum: 16

Número: 2

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.7195/RI14.V16I2.1158 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Altres publicacions en: Icono14

Resum

Founded in 1998, in less than twenty years, Google has become one of the largest multinational companies in the world. This research studies journalistic information about Google, from the perspective of the framing theory. The proposed question is: Has the image that the Spanish press projects on Google changed from the beginnings of the company to the last few years? To answer, it has been done a content analysis of all the journalistic texts on Google published in 2004 and 2014 by "El País", "El Mundo", "ABC" and "La Vanguardia". By means of an analysis protocol, the news frames present in each journalistic text have been detected. The results of the research show that there has been a transformation of the news frames on Google: from being mostly positive for the US company, to being negative. It has also been detected that, in 2004, information on Google put the focus on economic issues; while, in 2014, the analyzed newspapers preferred to attribute to Google the responsibility of a series of problems. The text concludes that Google is no longer framed by the main journals only as a technological company that achieves excellent economic results, but as a company whose activities impact –often, negatively– to certain people, human groups and other businesses.

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • An, S.-K. & Gower, K.K. (2009). How do the news media frame crises? A content analysis of crisis news coverage. Public Relations Review, 35, 107-112. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2009.01.010
  • Ardèvol-Abreu, A. (2015). Framing o teoría del encuadre en comunicación. Orígenes, desarrollo y panorama actual en España. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 70, 423-450. doi: 10.4185/RLCS-2015-1053
  • Ballesteros, C.A. (2012). Los marcos informativos del cannabis en la prensa española: aplicación de las teorías del framing y de la agenda-setting. Tesis doctoral. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Disponible en: goo.gl/NmXXgn
  • Bowen, S.A. & Zheng, Y. (2015). Auto recall crisis, framing, and ethical response: Toyota’s missteps. Public Relations Review, 41(1), 40-49. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2014.10.017
  • Brosius, H.B. & Eps, P. (1995). Prototyping through key events. European Journal of Communication, 10(3), 391-412. doi: 10.1177/0267323195010003005
  • Cappella, J. & Jamieson, K.H. (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
  • D’Angelo, P. (2012). Studying framing in political communication with an integrative approach. American Behavioral Scientist, 56(3), 353-364. doi: 10.1177/0002764211426332
  • De Vreese, C.H. (1999). News and European integration: News content and effects in cross-national comparative perspective. Research report, Amsterdam school of Communications Research. Ámsterdam: Universidad de Ámsterdam.
  • De Vreese, C.H., Peter, J. & Semetko, H.A. (2001). Framing politics at the launch of the euro: a crossnational comparative study of frames in the news. Political Communication, 18(2), 107-122. doi: 10.1080/105846001750322934
  • Entman, R.M. (1993). Framing: toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  • Foer, F. (2017). Un mundo sin ideas. La amenaza de las grandes empresas tecnológicas a nuestra identidad. Barcelona: Paidós.
  • Galdón, G. (1994). Desinformación. Método, aspectos y soluciones. Pamplona: Eunsa.
  • Gamson, W.A. (1992). Talking politics. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Graber, D.A. (1989). Content and meaning. What’s it all about? The American Behavioral Scientist, 33(2), 144-152. doi: 10.1177/0002764289033002004
  • Igartua, J.J. (2006). Métodos cuantitativos de investigación en comunicación. Barcelona: Editorial Bosch.
  • Igartua, J.J. & Humanes, M.L. (2004). Imágenes de Latinoamérica en la prensa española. Una aproximación empírica desde la Teoría del Encuadre. Comunicación y Sociedad, 17(1), 47-75. Disponible en: goo.gl/FgsZWS
  • Iyengar, S. (1991). Is anyone responsible? How television frames political issues.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • León, G. (2012). El contencioso de Gibraltar como conflicto mediático. Estudio de los encuadres noticiosos en la prensa española. Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico, 18(2), 531-540. doi: 10.5209/rev_ESMP.2012.v18.n2.41023
  • Luhmann, N. (2000). La realidad de los medios de masas. Barcelona: Anthropos Editorial.
  • Mercado, M.T. (2013). Diseño metodológico para el análisis del tratamiento informativo de las políticas energéticas en España y participación de organizaciones sociales. Actas del 2º Congreso Nacional sobre Metodología de la Investigación en Comunicación. Universidad de Valladolid, Segovia. Disponible en: goo.gl/483oyp
  • Muñiz, C., Alvídrez, S. & Téllez, N. (2015). Shaping the online public debate: the relationship between the news framing of the expropriation of YPF and readers’ comments. International Journal of Communication, 9, 3245-3263. Disponible en: goo.gl/yd9gRH
  • Nelson, T., Clawson, R.A. & Oxley, Z.M. (1997). Media framing of a civil liberties conflict and its effect on tolerance. American Political Science Review, 91(3), 567-583. doi: 10.2307/2952075
  • Neuman, W.R., Just, M.R. & Crigler, A.N. (1992). Common knowledge: News and the construction of political meaning. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Porto, M. (2002). Framing the world of politics: How governmental sources shape the production and the reception of TF news in Brazil. 23rd International Conference of the International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR). Congreso celebrado en Barcelona.
  • Reese, S. (2001). Framing public life: A bridging model for media research, en S. Reese, O. Gandy & A. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life. Nueva Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Ruiz San Román, J.A., Brändle, G. & Cáceres, M.D. (2017). Estudio de variables relevantes en el uso de la información publicada por los organismos públicos en Internet. Una reivindicación de la mediación periodística. Revista ICONO14 Revista científica de Comunicación y Tecnologías emergentes, 15 (2), 137-157. doi: 10.7195/ri14.v15i2.1068.
  • Sádaba, T. (2007). Framing: el encuadre de las noticias. Buenos Aires: La Crujía.
  • Sánchez de la Nieta, M.A. (2012). Rasgos distintivos del periodismo en el actual escenario informativo digital. Tesis doctoral. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
  • Schultz, F., Kleinnijenhuis, J., Oegema, D., Utz, S. & Van Atteveldt, W. (2012). Strategic framing in the BP crisis: A semantic network analysis of associative frames. Public Relations Review, 38(1), 97-107. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2011.08.003
  • Semetko, H.A. & Valkenburg, P.M. (2000). Framing European politics: a content analysis of press and television news. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93-109. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02843.x
  • Tankard, J. (1991). Media frames: Approaches to conceptualization and measurement. Ponencia presentada en Communication Theory and Methodology Division Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Convention, Boston.
  • Tewksbury, D. & Scheufele, D.A. (Eds.) (2007). Special issue on framing, agenda setting and priming: agendas for theory and research. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 9-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00337.x
  • Valkenburg, P.M., Semetko, H.A. & De Vreese, C.H. (1999). The effects of news frames on readers’ thoughts and recall. Communication Research, 26(5), 550-569. doi: 10.1177/009365099026005002
  • Vicente, M. & López, P. (2009). Resultados actuales de la investigación sobre framing: sólido avance internacional y arranque de la especialidad en España. Zer: Revista de Estudios de Comunicación, 14(26), 13-34. Disponible en: http://www.ehu.eus/ojs/index.php/Zer/article/view/2750/2364
  • Weaver, D.H. (2007). Thoughts on agenda setting, framing and priming. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 142-147. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00333.x