Diseño, síntesis y evaluación de nuevos nanosistemas para su aplicación en biomedicina

Résumé

The emergence of nanomedicine has represented an improvement in monitoring, diagnosis and control of biological systems, as well as in the development of new therapies for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Therefore, this Thesis focuses on the synthesis and development of new nanosystems based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for application in two diseases of high prevalence: tuberculosis and cancer. Tuberculosis remains a global health problem, due to the lack of an effective vaccine and the emergence of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains resistant to current treatments. Consequently, the first specific objective of the Thesis includes the development of preventiv enanovaccines based on the above-mentioned nanoparticles, which are capable of transporting immunomodulating proteins, and the synthesis of nanosystems with potential antibacterial capacity against Mtb, which is responsible for this disease, as a therapeutic alternative. On the other hand, cancer is one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality inthe world. Despite the great progress made in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cancer in the last years, it is still necessary to develop new therapies and new compounds capable of arresting tumor growth, and minimizing side effects due to the absence of treatments specifically directed to cancer cells...