Ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado y triple ciego sobre el uso de profilaxis antibiótica en la prevención de la infección postoperatoria de terceros molares mandibulares impactados

Résumé

To determine the utility of the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications in the surgery of impacted mandibular third molars.Study Design: Randomized, blinded and placebo-controlled clinical trial.Materials and Methods: 120 patients were randomized into 2 groups of 60 patients. The experimental group was administered 2 grams of amoxicillin 1 hour before the intervention, while the control group was administered 2 placebo tablets under the same conditions. The patients were monitored at 3, 7 and 30 days.Results: 5.1% of the total of operated patients presented infectious complications. From the placebo group, 4 patients presented infectious complications, while in the experimental group, 2 patients presented infection. The differences were not significant with a relative risk (RR) of 0.5 (95% CI 0.10-2.62, p> 0.05) and a number needed to treat (NNT) of 29. However, significant differences were found when comparing the postoperative pain The placebo group required more rescue medication compared to the group that received antibiotics, RR 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75, p <0.05) and an NNT of 3...