Aberraciones ópticas de alto orden en cuatro técnicas de trasplante corneal

Abstract

Corneal transplantation is a procedure in which the entire thickness of the cornea or any of its layers is replaced. Penetrating keratoplasty has been the most widely used technique for the treatment of corneal pathologies that caused irreversible visual deficiency. Currently, lamellar keratoplasty techniques are becoming popular, where only the pathological layer is replaced by donor corneal tissue.Lamellar keratoplasty is increasingly practiced because it has advantages over penetrating transplantation such as: faster functional recovery, less refractive and topometric alteration, reduced chance of immune rejection, less incidence of medication- side effects, mainly steroids, and greater protection against the possibility of eye trauma, in addition to better preservation of the biomechanical characteristics of the receiving cornea. On the other hand, lamellar keratoplasty has specific advantages according to the indication of the transplant, as it preserves the healthy structures of the receiving cornea. Corneal optical aberrations are one of the main factors conditioning the quality of the image that reaches the retina. These aberrations depend on the geometry of both anterior and posterior corneal refractive surfaces. We can analyze the optical behavior of the cornea by converting topography and elevation data into optical aberration data. It should be noted that more than 90% of the optical aberrations in a healthy eye come from the corneal plane, and are higher in irregular corneas...