Diferencias en potenciales evocados de larga latencia y respuesta motriz en sujetos con alto y bajo CI

  1. García de León Álvarez, M.
  2. Martínez Castillo, Eduardo
  3. Ortiz Alonso, Tomás
  4. Robles Sánchez, José Ignacio
  5. Maestro, Fernando
  6. Fernández Lucas, Alberto
Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 1999

Volumen: 11

Número: 1

Páginas: 53-63

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Esta investigación trata de demostrar la relación entre componentes de los potenciales evocados, respuesta motriz y medidas de inteligencia (CI). Los veinte sujetos participantes son divididos en dos grupos: Cl mayor de 110, y CI menor de 84. Se registraron los potenciales evocados de larga latencia (PELLs) en línea media, al mismo tiempo que los tiempos de reacción (TR) y respuestas electromiográficas (EMG). Los resultados muestran correlaciones entre las latencias negativas de los PELLs con el final del movimiento y el intervalo de movimiento, siendo éste mayor en el grupo con bajo CI. Las amplitudes de los potenciales evocados en el grupo con bajo CI, en respuesta al estímulo sin respuesta motriz, son mayores que las amplitudes en el grupo de alta CI. Estos resultados sugieren una asociación entre la inteligencia con componentes negativos de los potenciales evocados y el tiempo de respuesta motriz.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Barret, P.T. y Eysenck, H.J(1994). The relationship between evoked potential component amplitude, latency, contour length, variability, zero-crossings, and psychometric intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 332.
  • Bigum, H.B., Dustman, R.E. & Beck, E.C. (1970). Visual And Somatosensory Evoked Responses from Mongoloid and Normal Children. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 28, 576-585.
  • Body, J(1986). Event Related Potentials in Chronometric Analysis of Primed Word Recognition with Different Stimulus Onset Asynchronies. Psychophysiology, 23, 232-245.
  • Brand, C. & Deary, I.J. (1982). Intelligence and Inspection Time. In H.P.I. Eysenck (De), A rnodel for intelligence, Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Callaway, E.(1979).Individual Psychological Differences and Evoked Potential Variability. Progress in Clinical Neurophysiology, 6, 243-257.
  • Coles, M.G.H., Gratton, G., Bashore, T.R., Eriksen, C.W. & Donchin, E. (1985). A Psychophysiological Investigation of the Continous Flow Model of Human Information Processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 11, 529-533.
  • Erlt, J.P. & Schafer, E.W.P.(1969). Brain Response Correlates of Psychometric Intelligence. Nature, 223, 421-422.
  • Eysenck, H.J. y Barret, P1(1985). Psychophysiology and the measurement of intelligence. En C.R. Reynolds & V.L. Wilson (Eds), Methodological and Statistical Advences in the Study of Individual Differences (pp. 1-49). New York: Plenum Press.
  • Ford, J.M., Mohs, R.C., Pfefferbaum, A. & Kopell, B.S. (1980). On the Utility of P3 Latency and RT for Studying Cognitive Processes. Progress in Brain Research, 54, 661-667.
  • Gerbrandt, L.K., Golf, W.R. & Smith, D.B. (1973). Distribution of the Human Average Movement Potential. Electroencephalograplay arad Clinical Neurophysiology, 34, 461-474.
  • Goodin, D.S. & Aminoff, M.J.(1984). The Relationship Between the Evoked Potential and Brain Events in Sensory Discrimination and Motor Response. Brain, 107, 241-251.
  • Goodin, D.S., Aminoff, M.J. & Shefrin, S.L.(1990). Organization of Sensory Discrimination and Response Selection in Choice and Nonchoice Conditions: a Study Using Cerebral Evoked Potentials in Normal Humans. Journal of Neurophysiology, 64,4, 1270-1281.
  • Goodin, D.S., Squires, K.C. & Starr, A. (1983). Variations in the Early and Late Evente Related Components of the Auditory Evoked Potential with Task Difficulty. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 55, 680-686.
  • Hendrickson, D.E. & Hendrickson, A.E. (1980). The Biological Basis of Individual Differences in Intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 1, 3-33.
  • Israel, J.B., Wickens, C.D., Chesney, G.L. & Donchin, E. (1980). The Event Related Brain Potentials as an Index of Display Monitoring Workload. Human Factors, 22, 221-224.
  • Jensen, A.R.(1979). Outmodel Theory or Unconquered Frontier? Creative Science and Technology, 2, 16-29.
  • Looreng de Jong, H., Kok, A. & Van Rooy, J. (1989). Stimulus Probability and Motor Response in Young and Old Adults: an ERPs study. Biological Psychology, 29, 125-148.
  • Mackintosh,N.J. (1986). The Biology of Intelligence. British Journal of Psychology, 77, 1-18.
  • Magliero, A.,Bashore, T.R., Coles, M.G.H. & Donchin, E. (1984). On the Dependence of P300 Latency on Stimulus Evaluation Processes. Psychophysiology, 21, 171-186.
  • Oldfield, R.C. (1971). The assessment and Analysis of Handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory Test. Neuropsychologia, 9, 97-113.
  • Ortiz, T., Robles, J.I., Fernández, A. & García de Leon, M. (1992). Discriminación Sensorial y Respuesta Motora en Sujetos con Alto y Bajo Cociente Intelectual: Un Estudio con Potenciales Evocados y EMG. Revista de Neurofisiología Clínica, 5, 2, 83-90.
  • Ortiz, T.A., Goodin, D.S. & Aminoff, M.J.(1993). Neural Processing in a Three-Choice Reaction Time Task: A Study Using CerebralEvoked Potentials and Single Trial Analysis in Normal Humans. Journal of Neurophysiology, 69, 5,1499-1512.
  • Perry, N.W., McCow, J.G., Cunningham, W.R., Falgout, J.C. & Street, W1(1976). Multivariate Visual Evoked Response Correlates of Intelligence. Psychophysiology, 13, 323-329.
  • Picton, T.W. & Hillyard, S.A.(1974). Human Auditory Evoked Potentials.II. Effects of Attention. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 36, 191-200.
  • Raven, J.C.(1976). Test de Matrices Progresivas para la Medida de la Capacidad Intelectual. Buenos Aires:Paidos.
  • Renault, B.,Ragot, R.,Lesevre, N. & Remond, A.(1982). Onset and Offset of Brain Events as Indices of Mental Chronometry, Science, 215, 1413-1415.
  • Richlin, M., Weinstein, S. & Giannini, M.(1973). Development of Neurophysiological Indices of Mental Retardation: 1. Interhemispheric Asymmetry of the Auditory Evoked Cortical Response. Pediatrics, 52, 534-541.
  • Ritter, W., Simson, R. & Vaughan, HG.(1983). Event Related Potential Correlates of Two Stages of Information Processing in Physical and Semantic Discrimination Tasks. Psychophysiology, 20, 168-179.
  • Rhodes, L.E., Dustman, R.E. & Beck, E.C.(1969). The Visual Evoked Response: a Comparison of Bright and Dull Children. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 27, 264-372.
  • Schafer, E.W.P.(1978). Brain Responses while Viewing Television Reflect Program Interest. International Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 183191.
  • Schafer, E.W.P. (1982). Neural Adaptability; A Biological Determinant of Behavioral Intelligence. International Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 183-191.
  • Schafer, E.W.P., Amochaev, A. & Russell, M.J. (1981). Knowledge of Stimulus Timing Attenuates Human Evoked Cortical Potentials. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 52, 9-17.
  • Squires, K., Wockens, C., Squires, N. and Donchin, E. (1976). Effect of Stimulus Sequence on the Waveform of the Cortical Event-Related Potential. Science, 193, 1142-1146.
  • Shucard, D.W. & Horn, J.L. (1972). Evoked Cortical Potentials and Measurement of Human Abilities. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 78, 59-68.
  • Vernon, P.A. (1987). Speed of Information Processing and Psychology. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 78, 59-68.
  • Watson, B.V. (1991). Some Relationships Between Intelligence and Auditory Discrimination. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 34, 621-627.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet