Una reconsideración del modelo Balassa-Samuelson en la zona euro

  1. Martínez Cañete, Ana R.
Revista:
Revista de economía aplicada

ISSN: 1133-455X

Año de publicación: 2008

Volumen: 16

Número: 46

Páginas: 145-184

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de economía aplicada

Resumen

En este trabajo analizamos, en un conjunto de países de la eurozona, si se han verificado dos de las premisas en las que se basa el modelo Balassa-Samuelson: la equiparación de los salarios en el sector comerciable y no comerciable, y el cumplimiento de la PPA en el sector expuesto al comercio internacional. En términos generales, nuestros resultados indican que ninguna de las dos hipótesis se ha cumplido en el periodo analizado (1973-2003). Por ello, ampliamos el marco de estudio del modelo y contrastamos si dentro de cada país ha existido una relación de cointegración entre los precios, las productividades y los salarios relativos. Analizamos, además, la existencia de una relación de largo plazo entre los tipos de cambio reales, los tipos de cambio reales en el sector comerciable, y la diferencia de productividades y de salarios relativos con respecto a Alemania. Mientras que los salarios resultan escasamente significativos en ambas relaciones, la evolución de los precios en el sector comerciable recibe un amplio respaldo empírico como variable explicativa de los tipos de cambio reales.

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