Egitura kausatiboak euskaran, eslaboan eta erromantzeankonparaketa tipologiko baterantz

Resumen

This article follows the wake of the author�s previous articles regarding framework (typology) and study languages (Slavic, Romance and Basque), although on this occasion, the subject of relative clauses gives way to one of equal fascination: causativity. The article is divided into two parts: in the first, some of the theoretical problems posed up to now are summarized (Bresnan 1982; Zubizarreta 1985; Baker 1988; Alsina 1992; Guasti 1998; López 2001). In the second part, starting from the morphological typology of causativity offered by Nedialkov & Silnitskii (1973) and collected by Moreno Cabrera (1991), the author establishes a list of similarities and differences among the languages analyzed regarding causativity. The most important similarity is that, evidently, in all languages, a valency increase occurs. We find the most important difference in the so-called �derivational morphological opposition�, non-existing in the Romance languages (which choose the syntagmatic opposite), but present in Basque and the Slavic languages. In Basque, it means a single morpheme of maximum productivity; in the Slavic languages it means three morphemes in complementary distribution, which have a very scarce productivity since they are only applicable to a reduced list of verbs. Unlike what occurs with the causative mood, the Slavic, Romance and Basque languages show a similar performance regarding the verbs of control and the permissive mood, ignoring a few peculiarities.