Correlación entre parámetros antropométricos y perfil de riesgo cardiovascular estimado para la población española

Resumen

Objectives: Currently, there are no specific data on cardiovascular risk due to overweight or obesity in the Spanish population, although this risk is considered high. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are any anthropometric parameters that correlate with cardiovascular risk estimated by standardized methods. These methods consider other risk factors, some of which could be influenced by overweight or obesity. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in the Spanish general population (aged 20 to 80 years). Cardiovascular risk was estimated through Framingham, Score, Regicor and Dorica tables and the results were correlated with both body mass index (BMI) and other risk factors. Results: This study included 502 people (465 valid for the analysis). Women accounted for 67.5% and men for 32.5%. The mean BMI was 27.4 kg/m2 in women and 28.3 in men. A total of 38.3% were overweight and 28.8% were obese. Diabetes was found in 8.6%, hypertension in 24.7% and dyslipidemia in 33.3%. The mean 10-year risk was 3.99% (Framingham), 2.26% (Regicor), 2.21% (Dorica), and 1.63% (Score). The correlation between BMI and estimated risk was r=0.389 (p=0.001) in the Framingham table, r=0.393 (p=0.001) in Regidor, r=0.389 (p=0.001) in Dorica, and r=0.338 (p=0.001) in Score. Conclusions: A clear association between overweight and age and other risk factors was established. There was also a strong linear correlation between BMI and risk calculated by any of the standardized methods. Even so, a risk calculation tool that would consider the factors of overweight and obesity individually should be proposed.