Cordales heterotópicos. Estudio comparativo y revisión bibliográfica

Resum

The inclusion of the third molar is one of the most frequent pathologies found in oral and maxillofacial surgery. On rare occasions, the third molars can appear away from their place of eruption. The reason this situation occurs is unknown. However, trauma, aberrant eruption and the anomalous development of the tooth bud are the theories postulated up to now. Objectives: To assess the presence of heterotopic wisdom teeth for the purpose of evaluating the epidemiology and clinical aspects associated with them. Design of the study: A bibliographical review and a comparative study of the results obtained from searching the Pubmed database were performed. Results: 25 heterotopic wisdom teeth were recorded, with the most frequent being in men, with a mean diagnostic age of 44.6 years. The highest percentage of them were located in the jaw in the condylar region. Most of the patients presented symptoms, mainly pain and inflammation. The most frequently associated pathology was cysts, with surgery being the treatment of choice, with intraoral access being the most common. Conclusions: The heterotopic wisdom teeth, although not frequent, can be a cause for consultation, with it being important to make a good diagnosis and planning of the treatment.