Uso y aplicación de la técnica de análisis estadístico multivariante de cluster sobre la capacidad de innovación tecnológica en Latinoamérica y España

Abstract

This work analyzes the capacity for technological innovation in Latin America and Spain. Based on the literature on national capacity for innovation and economy of technological change, an empirical study was made using the Multivariant Statistical Cluster Analysis technique and the technological innovation indicators published in the 2002-2003 and 2009-2010 Global Competitiveness Reports (WEF, 2002; WEF, 2009). The aim was to explore the existence of groups of countries characterized by different levels of technological innovation, focusing on their characteristics and on the distance that separates them, as well as their evolution throughout the 2002-2009 period. The results show the existence of 4 groups of countries defined by different capacities for technological innovation, both in terms of governmental and business technology policy as well as technological infrastructures and human capital. The groups also differ in their evolution with respect to these factors during the period considered.