Factores explicativos del gasto en defensa en los países de la OTAN

  1. Fonfría Mesa, Antonio
  2. Marín, Raquel
Revue:
Revista del Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos

ISSN: 2255-3479

Année de publication: 2012

Número: 0

Pages: 9-32

Type: Article

D'autres publications dans: Revista del Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos

Résumé

This paper analyses de determinants of the demand for defence expenditure in the NATO countries during the period 1996-2006. The study has been approached through three different sets of variables, related to economic aspects, strategic and military factors and political issues. In the empirical analysis it has been used dynamic panel data. The main results are the important role played by the inertia of the defence budgets a long the time, the effect of the income and prices and the existence of a spill-in effect.

Références bibliographiques

  • ALONSO, M.A. y MARTÍNEZ, A. (2007) “Los determinantes del gasto militar en los países europeos de la Alianza Atlántica: Un estudio a través de un modelo de datos de panel para el período 1975-2005”, IX Reunión de Economía Mundial, Madrid.
  • ARELLANO, M., BOND, S. (1991), ‘Some tests of specification for panel data’, Jour-nal of Econometrics, 59, 87-97.
  • ARELLANO, M., BOVER, O. (1995), ‘Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models’, Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • BENIOT, E.(1978) “Growth and defense in developing countries”, Economic Devel-opment and Cultural Change, 26 (2), pp. 271-280.
  • BERNAUER, T., KOUBI, V. y ERNST, F. (2006) “Does neutrality make a differ-ence? Explaining patterns of Swiss defense spending in 1975-2001”, CIS Working Paper, 27, 2006.
  • BLUNDELL, R., BOND, S. (1998), ‘Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models’, Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115-143.
  • BLUNDELL, R., BOND, S., WEIDMEIJER, F. (2000), ‘Estimation in dynamic panel data models: improving on the performance of the standard GMM esti-mators’, Institute for Fiscal Studies, WP 12/00.
  • BOND, S.(2002) ‘Dynamic panel data models: a guide to microdata methods and practice’, Institute for Fiscal Studies, WP 09/02.
  • BYERS, J.D. y PEEL, D.A. (1989) “The determinants of arms expenditures of NATO nad the Warsaw Pact: some further evidence”, Journal of Peace Researh, 26 (1), pp. 69-77.
  • CAPPELEN, A., GLEDITSCH, N.P. y BJERKHOLT, O. (1984) “Military spending and economic growth in the OECD countries”, Journal of Peace Research, 21 (4), pp. 361-373.
  • DUDLEY, L. y MONTMARQUETTE, C. (1981) “The demand for military expen-ditures: An international comparation”, Public Choice, 37 (1), pp. 5-31.
  • DUNNE, J.P. y PERLO-FREEMAN, S. (2003) “The demand for military expending in developing countries: A dynamic panel analysis”, Defence and Peace Economics, 14, (6), pp. 461-474.
  • DUNNE, J.P., SMITH, R. y WILLENBOCKEL, D. (2005) “Models of military expenditure and growth: A critical review”. Defence and Peace Economics, 16, pp: 449-461.
  • FRITZ-ABMUS, D. y ZIMMERMANN, K. (1990) “West German demand for de-fence spending”, en The economics of defence spending: an international survey, Hartley, K. y Sandler, T., Londres y Nueva York, Routledge, pp. 118-147.
  • HURTLEY, K. y SANDLER, T. (2001) “Introduction”, en The Economics of Defence, Hurtley, K. y Sandler, T (Eds.), vol. 1, pp. 13-36.
  • KAMLET, M.S. y MOWERY, D.C. (1987) “Influences of executive and congres-sional budgetary priorities 1955-1981”, American Political Science Review, 81, pp. 155-178.
  • KAUFMANN, D., KRAAY, A., MASTRUZZI, M. (2006), ‘Governance Matters VI: Governance Indicators for 1996-2006’, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, WP 4280.
  • KOLLIAS, C.(2004) “The Greek-Turkish rapprochement, the underlying military tesion and the Greek defense spending”, Turkish Studies, 5 (1), pp. 99-116.
  • KOLLIAS, C, MYLONIDIS, N. y PALEOLOGOU, S. (2007) “A panel data analy-sis of the nexus between defence spending and growth in the European Union”, Defence and Peace Economics, 18 (1), pp. 75-85.
  • LINDSTROM, G. (2005) “EU-US burdensharing: who does what?, Chaillot Paper, 82.
  • MARKOWSKI, S. y TANI, M. (2005) “Defence Expenditure, spill-ins and threats in Asia-Pacific 1985-2001”, Defence and Security Analysis, 21, (3), pp. 243-265.
  • MAYER, T.H. (1986) “Arms races and war initatiation: Some alternatives to the Intri-ligator-Brito model”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 30 (1), pp. 3-28.
  • MCGUIRE, M.C. (1982) “U.S. assistance, Israeli allocation, and the arms race in the Middle East”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 26 (2), pp. 199-235.
  • MURDOCH, J.C. y SANDLER, T. (1984) “Complementarity, free riding, and the military expenditures of NATO allies”, Journal of Public Economics, 25 (1-2), pp. 83-101.
  • OKAMURA, M.(1991) “Estimating the impact of the Soviet Union threat on the United States-Japan alliance: A demand system approach”, Review of Economics and Statistics, LXXIII (2), pp. 200-207.
  • OLSON, M. y ZECKHAUSER, R. (1966) “An economic theory of alliances”, Review of Economic Statistics, 48, pp. 266-274.
  • PÉREZ-FORNIÉS, C., GADEA, M.D. y PARDOS, E. (2004) “Gasto en defensa y renta en los países de la Alianza Atlántica”, Hacienda Pública Española, (170), 3, pp. 137-153.
  • RATTINGER, H. (1975) “Armaments detente and bureaucracy: The case of the arms race in Europe”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, (19), 571-595.
  • RICHARDSON, L.F. (1960) Arms and insecurity: A mathematical study of causes and origins of war. Boxwood, Pittsburgh Press.
  • SANDLER, T. y FORBES, J.F. (1980) “Burden sharing, strategy, and the design of NATO”, Economic Inquiry, XVIII, pp. 425-444.
  • SANDLER, T. y MURDOCH, J. (2000) “On Sharing NATO Defence Burdens in the 1990s and Beyond”, Fiscal Studies 21(3), pp. 297-327.
  • SMITH, R.P.(1989) “Models of military expenditure”, Journal of Applied Economet-rics, 4 (4), pp. 354-359.
  • SOLOMON, B.(2005) “The demand for Canadian defence expenditures”, Defence and Peace Economics, 16 (3), pp. 171-189.
  • THROSBY, D. y WITHERS, G.A. (2001) “Individual preferences and the demand for military expenditure”, Defence and Peace Economics, 12, pp. 87-102.
  • WEST, L.R. (1992) “Determinants of military expenditure in developing countries: review of academic research”, World Bank Discussion Papers, 185, pp. 113-145.
  • YILDIRIM, J. y SEZGIN, S. (2005) “Democracy and military expenditure: a cross country evidence”, Transition Studies Review, 12 (1), pp. 93-100.