Los efectos de la campaña para las elecciones generales españolas de 2011

  1. García Viñuela, Enrique
Journal:
Cuadernos económicos de ICE

ISSN: 0210-2633

Year of publication: 2013

Issue Title: Temas actuales de economía política

Issue: 85

Pages: 105-122

Type: Article

DOI: 10.32796/CICE.2013.85.6054 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Cuadernos económicos de ICE

Abstract

This paper estimates the effects of the campaign for the 2011 Spanish general election on the results of the three most voted parties: the right of center Popular Party (PP), the Socialist Party (PSOE) and the United Left (IU). Using data from a CIS election panel, I find that the reinforcement of the voting intention reported in the preelection survey was the strongest campaign effect, especially for the PP, the main opposition party and the winner of the election. Voters� age and information level were the personal traits that encouraged reinforcement. On the contrary, changes in ideology and the assessment of party leaders fostered the activation and conversion effects, which were more intense for the two parties on the left, the PSOE and the IU. The conversion effect benefited the IU, while the activation of the ideological vote of its partisans allowed the PSOE to limit the large electoral loss that underwent in the 2011 election

Bibliographic References

  • BALI, VALENTINA (2007): «Terror and elections: Lessons from Spain», Electoral Studies, 26: 669-687.
  • BARREIRO, BELÉN (2002): «La progresiva desmovilización de la izquierda en España: un análisis de la abstención en las elecciones generales de 1986 a 2000», Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 6: 183-205.
  • BARREIRO, BELÉN y SÁNCHEZ-CUENCA, IGNACIO (1998): «Análisis del cambio de voto hacia el PSOE en las elecciones de 1993», Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 82: 191-211.
  • BEAN, CLIVE y MUGHAN, ANTHONY (1989): «Leadership effects in parliamentary elections in Australia and Britain», American Political Science Review, 83: 1165-1180.
  • CAMPBELL, ANGUS; CONVERSE, PHILIP; MILLER, WARREN, y STOKES, DO-NALD (1960): The American voter. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • CANEL, MARÍA JOSÉ (1998): «Los efectos de las campañas electorales”, Comunicación y Sociedad, 1: 47-67.
  • CHOI, JUNGUG (2009): «Strategic voting in India: Its extent and determinants in the 2004 general election», Asian Survey, 49: 609-624.
  • CLINTON, JOSHUA y LAPINSKI, JOHN (2004): «‘Targeted’ advertising and voter turnout: An experimental study of the 2000 Presidential election», Journal of Politics,66: 69-96.
  • CRIADO, HENAR (2008): «The effects of party mobilization strategies on the vote: The PSOE and the PP in the 1996 Spanish election», European Journal of Political Research, 47: 80-100.
  • DÍEZ NICOLÁS, JUAN y SEMETKO, HOLLI (1995): «Los programas de noticias de televisión y las campañas electorales de 1993 y 1996», en Muñoz Alonso, Alejandro y Rospir, Ignacio (eds.), Democracia mediática y campañas electorales. Barcelona: Ariel, 151-201.
  • DOWNS, ANTHONY (1957): An economic theory of democracy. New York: Harper & Row.
  • FERNÁNDEZ MELLIZO-SOTO, MARÍA (2001): «¿Para qué sirven las campañas electorales?: Los efectos de la campaña electoral española de 1993», Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 93: 61-87.
  • FINKEL, STEVEN (1993): «Reexamining the ‘minimal effects’ model in Presidential electoral campaigns», Journal of Politics, 55: 1-21.
  • FINKEL, STEVEN y SCHROTT, PETER (1995): «Campaign effects on voter choice in the German election of 1990», British Journal of Political Science, 23: 349-377.
  • FIORINA, MORRIS (1981): Retrospective voting in American national elections. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • FRAILE MALDONADO, MARTA (2005): Cuando la economía entra en las urnas. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
  • FRAILE, MARTA y LEWIS-BECK, MICHAEL (2010): «Economic voting in Spain: A 2000 panel test», Electoral Studies, 29: 210-220.
  • FRANZ, MICHAEL y RIDEOUT, TRAVIS (2007): «Does political advertising persuade?”, Political Behavior, 29: 465-491.
  • GARCÍA VIÑUELA, ENRIQUE y ARTÉS, JOAQUÍN (2012): «Strategic voting and effective representation thresholds: Evidence from three Spanish general elections», Eu-ropean Journal of Political Research, 51: 289-315.
  • GELMAN, ANDREW y KING, GARY (1993): «Why are American presidential election campaign polls so variable when voters are so predictable», British Journal of Political Science, 23: 409-451.
  • HILLYGUS, SUNSHINE (2005): «Campaign effects and the dynamics of turnout intention in election 2000», Journal of Politics, 67: 50-68.
  • HOLBROOK, THOMAS (1996): Do campaigns matter? Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • HOLBROOK, THOMAS y McCLURG, SCOTT (2005): «The mobilization of core supporters: Campaigns, turnout and electoral competition in US presidential elections», American Journal of Political Science, 49: 689-703.
  • JACOBSON, GARY (1990). «The effects of campaign spending in House elections: new evidence for old arguments», American Political Science Review, 34: 334-362.
  • KENNY, CHRISTOPHER y McBURNETT, MICHAEL (1994): «An individual level multiequation model of expenditure effects in contested House elections», American Political Science Review, 88: 699-707.
  • LAGO PEÑAS, IGNACIO (2005): El voto estratégico en las elecciones generales en España, 1977-2000. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
  • LAZARSFELD, PAUL; BERELSON, BERNARD y GAUDET, HAZEL (1968): The people’s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential election, 3.ª ed.(1.ª ed. 1944). New York: Columbia University Press.
  • LLEDÓ CALLEJÓN, PABLO (2001): «La influencia de los debates electorales sobre la decisión de voto: el caso de mayo de 1993 en España», Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 5: 143-170.
  • McCLURG, SCOTT y HOLBROOK, THOMAS (2009): «Living in a battleground: Presidential campaigns and fundamental predictors of vote choice», Political Research Quarterly, 62: 495-506.
  • MARTÍNEZ I COMA, FERRÁN (2008): Por qué importan las campañas electorales. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
  • MICHAVILA, NARCISO (2005): «War, terrorism and elections: Electoral impacts of the Islamic terror attacks on Madrid», Working Paper, 13. Madrid: Real Instituto Elcano.
  • MOLINAS, CÉSAR (2007): «El poder decisorio de la izquierda volátil», El País,11/11/2007.
  • MORENO MARTÍNEZ, CRISTINA (2010): «El efecto de la campaña para las elecciones generales españolas de 2008 sobre la información política y la participación electo-ral de los votantes”, Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 24: 53-81.
  • POPKIN, SAMUEL (1991): The reasoning voter: Communication and persuasion in presidential campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • RICO, GUILLEM (2009): Líderes políticos, opinión pública y comportamiento electo-ral en España. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
  • ROSENTONE, STEVEN y HANSEN, JOHN (1993): Mobilization, participation and democracy in America. New York: Macmillan.
  • SIMON, ADAM (2002): The winning message: candidate behavior, campaign discour-se and democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • SHAW, DARON (1999): «The methods behind the madness: Presidential Electoral College strategies», Journal of Politics, 61: 893-913.
  • STEWART, MARIANNE y CLARKE, HAROLD (1992): «The (un)importance of party leaders: Leader images and party choice in the 1987 British election», Journal of Politics, 54: 447-470.
  • TORCAL, MARIANO y CHHIBBER, PRADEEP (1997): «Elite strategy, social clea-vages and party systems in a new democracy: Spain», Comparative Political Studies,30: 27-54.