Actividad antimicrobiana en saliva de cuatro colutorios con clorhexidina

Abstract

Aim. The aim of the present study was to assess the microbiological efficacy of different 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes with different formulations, being changes in the presence of alcohol, or the addition of other active ingredients (sodium fluoride, cetylpiridinium chloride). Patients and Methods. Ten students joined the study, with similar age and health conditions. The researchers and the laboratory were blinded for the evaluated products. The design was crossed, in randomised order, and with one week of washing-out. After the baseline sampling of 1 ml of non-stimulated saliva, each subject rinsed for 1 minute with 15 ml of the assigned product. New samples were taken after 5 min, 1, 3, 5 and 7 h. Samples were sent to the laboratory, and processeel in two series, for aerobic (24 h) and anaerobic (48 h) incubation. The evaluated products were: 0.12% chlorhexidine with alcohol (CLX + ALC); 0.12% chlorhexiel ine anel 0.05% cetylpiridinium-chloriele without alcohol (CLX + CPC); 0.12% chlorhexidine with soelium flouride without alcohol (CLX + NaF); 0.12% chlorhexidine without alcohol (CLX); and saline as control. Colony forming units (CFU) were calculated, and log transformed. Statistical comparisons were performed by means of Student test. Results. Reductions in aerobic CFU were significant for all products, except CLX + NaF, as compared with the control. Differences in anaerobic CFU were significant, as compared with the control, for all products but CLX + aF. Comparisons among products showed better results for CLX + ALC and the formulation with CLX + CPC. Conclusions. The tested 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes were effective in terms of salivary bacterial load reduction, but showing important differences in their activity elepending on the composition. The whole composition of a mouthwash affects in a relevant way its effectivity, regardless of the presence of the active ingredient.