Complicaciones implantológicas en pacientes en tratamiento con anticonceptivos orales. Resultados preliminares de un estudio de casos y controles

Abstract

Introduction: Oral contraceptives are part of the group of hormonal contraceptives, whose use is highly extended. Although they have a high rate of effectiveness, they have adverse systemic and local effects. Objective: To determinate whether women taking oral contraceptives have a higher incidence of postoperative complications. Patients and Methods: It was carried out a retrospective case-control study of all patients in one of the service centers of the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology Virgen de la Paloma Hospital, between the years 2006-2013. Medical histories of women older than 18 were collected. The variables were whether taking oral contraceptives or not, and complications that may occur after surgery. Descriptive inferential statistical analysis to find the odds ratio was performed using the program Epidat 3.1. Results: The study evaluated 219 medical histories, 17 were rejected as incomplete. In the case group (n=10) 4 patients had complications and in the control group (n=192) 41. An odds ratio =2,45 was obtained. Discussion: In the realization of the present study there is a lack of articles that relate taking oral contraceptives and immediate postoperative complications. In addition, we should mention two possible biases. Namely, the small sample size studied, and that since it is a so widespread drug, professional does not ask about it to make the medical history. Conclusion: Women taking oral contraceptives have an odds ratio of 2,45, suggesting a greater likelihood of developing postoperative complications in implant treatment; although the result is not statistically significant, so the sample should be expanded to verify it.