Soportes porosos de cerámica-hidrogel para la utilización en Implantología Oral

Abstract

This work focus on the preparation of ceramic-polymer scaffolds for osseous (bone) regeneration. Scaffolds with a three-dimensional network of interconnected (300-900 um) pores within a structure that contains two pore distributions: (10-100 um) and (0.1-1 um) can be designed and fabricated. These scaffolds are obtained by means of the GELPOR3D technique patented by our group. This method characterizes by its simplicity, low cost and the absence of aggressive or toxic solvents or thermal treatment that allows the direct incorporation of biologically active substances (drugs, growth factor, adhesion peptides, etc.). Agarose, a natural, biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide, and hidroxycarbonate apatite, a ceramic with a similar composition to the mineral phase of bone, are employed to prepare the scaffolds. The in vitro characterization demonstrates a good biocompatibility and while, at the same time, constitutes a good support for drug controlled release. In vivo studies are being carried out in different cases: subcutaneous (rats), long bone (mouse) and maxillofacial (pigs) defects regeneration and demonstrate a good biocompatibility, biodegradability and promote the osteogenesis.