Predictores de recuperación subjetiva en la esquizofrenia

  1. Olimpia Díaz Mandado 1
  2. Marta Nieto Moreno 1
  3. Ignacio Montorio 2
  4. Jose A. Periáñez 3
  1. 1 Fundación Sociosanitaria de Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, España
  2. 2 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
  3. 3 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
Revista de psicopatología y psicología clínica

ISSN: 1136-5420

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 20

Número: 2

Páginas: 101-114

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5944/RPPC.VOL.20.NUM.2.2015.15165 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicopatología y psicología clínica

Resumen

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar los factores que promueven la experiencia subjetiva de recuperación en personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, y su relación con los indicadores de recuperación objetiva. Para ello, tras revisar la literatura existente, se evalúo el valor predictivo de diferentes variables psicosociales y clínicas sobre la recuperación subjetiva en una muestra de 43 personas con esquizofrenia. El análisis de regresión múltiple reveló que el uso de estrategias adaptativas de afrontamiento, un bajo estigma internalizado y una elevada autoestima predijeron un 55% de la variable recuperación subjetiva (F = 12,5; p < 0,0001). Los síntomas negativos y el funcionamiento social no predijeron recuperación subjetiva, pese a la presencia de correlaciones significativas. Se discuten los resultados en relación con la superior predicción de los indicadores subjetivos de recuperación, y se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones de estos resultados en el tratamiento y la promoción de mejores expectativas de recuperación en esta población.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Andresen, R., Caputi, P. y Oades, L. (2006). Stages of recovery instrument: development of a measure of recovery from serious mental illness. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40(11-12), 972-980.
  • Andresen, R., Caputi, P. y Oades, L. G. (2010). Do clinical outcome measures assess consumer-defi ned recovery? Psychiatry Research, 177(3), 309-317.
  • Andresen, R., Oades, L. y Caputi, P. (2003). The experience of recovery from schizophrenia: towards an empirically validated stage model. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 37(5), 586-594.
  • Birchwood, M., Smith, J., Cochrane, R., Wetton, S. y Copestake, S. (1990). The Social Functioning Scale. The development and validation of a new scale of social adjustment for use in family intervention programmes with schizophrenic patients. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 853-859.
  • Brohan, E., Elgie, R., Sartorius, N. y Thornicroft, G. (2010). Self-stigma, empowerment and perceived discrimination among people with schizophrenia in 14 European countries: the GAMIAN-Europe study. Schizophrenia Research, 122(1- 3), 232-238.
  • Cano García, F. J., Rodríguez Franco, L. y García Martínez, J. (2007). Adaptación española del Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento. Actas Españolas de. Psiquiatría., 35, 29-39.
  • Cavelti, M., Beck, E. M., Kvrgic, S., Kossowsky, J. y Vauth, R. (2012). The role of subjective illness beliefs and attitude toward recovery within the relationship of insight and depressive symptoms among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(4), 462-476.
  • Chiba, R., Miyamoto, Y. y Kawakami, N. (2010). Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) for people with chronic mental illness: scale development. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(3), 314-322.
  • Connell, M., King, R. y Crowe, T. (2011). Can employment positively affect the recovery of people with psychiatric disabilities? Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 35(1), 59-63.
  • Corrigan, P. W. (2006). Impact of consumer-operated services on empowerment and recovery of people with psychiatric disabilities. Psychiatric Services, 57(10), 1493-1496.
  • Corrigan, P. W., Giffort, D., Rashid, F., Leary, M. y Okeke, I. (1999). Recovery as a psychological construct. Community Mental Health Journal, 35(3), 231-239.
  • Corrigan, P. W. y Phelan, S. M. (2004). Social support and recovery in people with serious mental illnesses. Community Mental Health Journal, 40(6), 513-523.
  • Corrigan, P. W., Salzer, M., Ralph, R. O., Sangster, Y. y Keck, L. (2004). Examining the factor structure of the recovery assessment scale. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(4), 1035-1041.
  • Fernández, M. D., y Díaz, M. A. (2001). Relación entre estrategias de afrontamiento, síndromes clínicos y trastornos de personalidad en pacientes esquizofrénicos crónicos. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 6(2), 129-135.
  • Fung, K. M., Tsang, H. W. y Corrigan, P. W. (2008). Self-stigma of people with schizophrenia as predictor of their adherence to psychosocial treatment. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 32(2), 95-104.
  • Gerlinger, G., Hauser, M., De Hert, M., Lacluyse, K., Wampers, M. y Correll, C. U. (2013). Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions. World Psychiatry, 12(2), 155-164.
  • Hendryx, M., Green, C. A. y Perrin, N. A. (2009). Social support, activities, and recovery from serious mental illness: STARS study findings. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 36(3), 320-329.
  • Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A. y Opler, L. A. (1987). The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13(2), 261-276.
  • Kukla, M., Lysaker, P. H. y Salyers, M. P. (2013). Do persons with schizophrenia who have better metacognitive capacity also have a stronger subjective experience of recovery? Psychiatry Reseach, 209(3), 381-385.
  • Lazarus, R. S. y Folkman, S. (1986). Estrés y procesos cognitivos. Barcelona: Martínez Roca.
  • Leamy, M., Bird, V., Le Boutillier, C., Williams, J. y Slade, M. (2011). Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 199, 445-452.
  • Liberman, R. P., Kopelowicz, A., Ventura, J. y Gutkind, D. (2002). Operational criteria and factors related to recovery from schizophrenia. International Review of Psychiatry, 14, 256-272.
  • Livingston, J. D. y Boyd, J. E. (2010). Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 71(12), 2150-2161.
  • Lloyd, C., King, R. y Moore, L. (2009). Subjective and objective indicators of recovery in severe mental illness: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 56(3), 220-229.
  • Lysaker, P. H., Roe, D. y Yanos, P. T. (2007). Toward understanding the insight paradox: internalized stigma moderates the association between insight and social functioning, hope, and self-esteem among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 33(1), 192-199.
  • McNaught, C., Caputi P., Oades, L. G. y Deane, F. P. (2007). Testing the validity of the Recovery Assessment Scale using an Australian sample. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 450-445.
  • Mukolo, A., Hefl inger, C. y Baxter, J. (2011). Recovery and self-esteem: Concurrent validity of the Recovery Assessment Scale. International Journal Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 15(2), 41-68.
  • Muñoz, M., Sanz, M., Pérez-Santos, E. y Quiroga M. A. (2010). Proposal of a socio-cognitive-behavioral structural equation model of internalized stigma in people with severe and persistent mental illness. Psychiatry Research, 186(2-3), 402-408.
  • Peralta, V. y Cuesta, M. J. (1994). Psychometric properties of the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 53(1), 31-40.
  • Ritsher, J. B., Otilingam, P. G. y Grajales, M. (2003). Internalized stigma of mental illness: psychometric properties of a new measure. Psychiatry Research, 121(1), 31-49.
  • Roe, D., Mashiach-Eizenberg, M. y Corrigan, P. (2012). Confi rmatory factor analysis of the brief version of the recovery assessment scale. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 200(10), 847-851.
  • Roe, D., Mashiach-Eizenberg, M. y Lysaker, P. H. (2011). The relation between objective and subjective domains of recovery among persons with schizophrenia-related disorders. Schizophrenia Research, 131(1-3), 133-138.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Rüsch, N., Corrigan, P. W., Powell, K., Rajah, A., Olschewski, M., Wilkniss, S. y Batia, K. (2009). A stress-coping model of mental illness stigma: II. Emotional stress responses, coping behavior and outcome. Schizophrenia Research, 110(1-3), 65-71.
  • SAMHSA. (2005). National Consensus Conference on Mental Health Recovery and Systems Transformation, Rockville, MD.
  • Sibitz, I., Unger, A., Woppmann, A., Zidek, T. y Amering, M. (2009). Stigma resistance in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(2), 316-323.
  • Silverstein, S. M. y Bellack, A. S. (2008). A scientifi c agenda for the concept of recovery as it applies to schizophrenia. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(7), 1108-1124.
  • Teng, E. L. y Chui, H. C. (1987). The Modifi ed Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48(8), 314-318.
  • Tobin, D. L., Holroyd, K. A., Reynolds, R. V. y Kigal, J. K. (1989). The hierarchical factor structure of the Coping Strategies Inventory. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13, 343-361.
  • Torres, A. y Olivares, J. M. (2005). Validation of the Spanish version of the Social Functioning Scale. Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría, 33.
  • Vauth, R., Kleim, B., Wirtz, M. y Corrigan, P. W. (2007). Self-effi cacy and empowerment as outcomes of self-stigmatizing and coping in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 150(1), 71-80.
  • Vázquez-Morejón, A. J., Jiménez García-Bóveda, R. y Vázquez-Morejón Jiménez, R. (2004). Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg: fi abilidad y validez en población clínica española. Apuntes de Psicología, 22, 247-255.
  • Yanos, P. T., Roe, D., Markus, K. y Lysaker, P. H. (2008). Pathways between internalized stigma and outcomes related to recovery in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Psychiatric Services, 59(12), 1437-1442.
  • Young, S. L. y Bullock, W. A. (2003). The mental health recovery measure. In T. Campbell-Orde, J. Chamberlin, J. Carpenter, y H. S. Leff (Ed.), Measuring the Promise: A Compendium of Recovery Measures (Vol. II). Cambridge, MA.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet