Estudio transversal de hipodoncias no sindrómicas en una muestra de pacientes infantiles

Resumen

INTRODUCTION: We refer to agenesia as the lack of formation ar development of the dental germs, the finding of one or more teeth, in temporary or permanent dentition, being absent. Agenesia in temporary teeth is rather uncommon (less than 1%); however, in permanent dentition, this is the most frequent dental development disorder (1.6-9.6%). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of agenesia in permanent dentition not associated to syndrames and to verify if their distribution was in line with other works of reference. METHODS: In a sample of 387 patients between 6.4 and 15.8 years of age{189 female and 198 male), we studied the orthopantomographs from the clinical histories belonging to the Department of Dentistry IV of the School of Dentistry of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. The results of frequency and percentage of agenesia were analysed by means of contingency tables, the chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test. For the comparison of the two mean ages Student's t-test was used. RESULTS. About 6.5% (n=25) presented some type of dental absence. The absent teeth in the majority of the cases were: second lower right premolar, unilaterally of 32% (n=8), second lower premolars, bilaterally 28% (n=7) and upper lateral incisors, bilaterally 12% (n=3). CONCLUSIONS. the agenesia in the same was more frequent in females than in males. Most of the absent teeth were in the second lower premolars, with the greater frequency of bilateral absence than unilateral.