Manejo odontológico del paciente pediátrico con leucemia linfoblástica agudaArtículo premiado en la XIV Reunión Nacional de Jóvenes Odontopediatras

Zusammenfassung

Leukemia accounts for 50% of cases of childhood cancer, being acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) the most representative. This disease presents with a series of systemic and oral alterations arising from the pathology and result of their treatment. The joint work of dentist and oncologist is essential. Update of ALL’s concept and odontologic managing of the paediatric patient. Leukemias are malignant neoplasias that are characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of germ cells that originate the leukocytes, which determines an insufficiency in the formation of the rest of blood cells. Inside the leukemias, will be ALL the more prevalent in children, representing 23% of the cases of childhood cancer. The clinical manifestations of ALL are: Anemia, thrombocytopenia and predisposition to infection etc... Medical treatment is based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The oral manifestations of ALL are hemorrhage, infection, burning and pain. Within the oral complications arising from the chemotherapy treatment appear: Infections, petechiae, gingival hyperplasia, candidiasis and ulcerations. The dental treatment must be realized coordinated by the oncologist, dividing in three phases: Pretreatment, treatment and aftercare.