Dynamic pedobarographic classification of idiopathic toe-walkers for therapeutical indication

  1. Patricia Martín-Casas 1
  2. Alfonso Meneses-Monroy 2
  3. Ruth Ballestero-Pérez 1
  4. Juan Vicente Beneit-Montesinos 1
  5. Maria Angeles Atín-Arratibel 1
  6. José Antonio Portellano-Pérez 1
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  2. 2 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

Journal:
Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

ISSN: 1130-5274

Year of publication: 2017

Volume: 28

Issue: 1

Pages: 17-24

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.CLYSA.2016.07.003 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

Abstract

Idiopathic toe-walkers (ITWs) pedobarographic analysis has not been described yet nor its possible relationship with orthopedical and developmental characteristics. The objective of this research is to develop a dynamic pedobarographic classification of ITWs to propose a specific therapeutical approach. Through an observational study, 56 ITWs aged 3-6 years were classified by their initial foot contact; differences between idiopatic toe-walking (ITW) types and with respect to 40 control children were calculated by means of ANOVA and Student t-tests. The results show that the three ITW types displayed different step models for pressure and impulse distribution and also for temporal development (p<.05). They also showed different orthopedic and developmental characteristics (p<.05). As a whole, they demonstrated different severity levels, which suggest different therapeutical indications. This study confirms the convenience of a specific orthopedic, developmental, and gait assessment in ITW to clarify therapeutical indication.

Bibliographic References

  • Alvarez, C., Vera, M., Beauchamp, R., Ward, V., & Black, A. (2007). Classification of idiopathic toe walking based on gait analysis: Development and application of the ITW severity classification. Gait Posture, 26, 428–435.
  • Alvarez, C., Vera, M., Chhina, H., & Black, A. (2008). Normative data for the dynamic pedobarographic profiles of children. Gait Posture, 28, 309–315.
  • Bertsch, C., Unger, H., Winkelmann, W., & Rosenbaum, D. (2004). Evaluation of early walking patterns from plantar pressure distribution measurements. First year results of 42 children. Gait Posture, 19, 235–242.
  • Bosch, K., Gerss, J., & Rosenbaum, D. (2010). Development of healthy children’s feet Nine-year results of a longitudinal investigation of plantar loading patterns. Gait Posture, 32, 564–571.
  • Brunt, D., Woo, R., Kim, H. D., Ko, M. S., Senesac, C., & Li, S. (2004). Effect of botulinum toxin type A on gait of children who are idiopathic toe-walkers. Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances, 13, 149–155.
  • Cappellino, F., Paolucci, T., Zangrando, F., Iosa, M., Adriani, E., Mancini, P., . . ., & Saraceni, V. M. (2012). Neurocognitive rehabilitative approach effectiveness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon. A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine, 48, 17–30.
  • Crenna, P., Fedrizzi, E., Andreucci, E., Frigo, C., & Bono, R. (2005). The heel-contact gait pattern of habitual toe walkers. Gait Posture, 21, 311–317.
  • Eiff, M. P., Steiner, E., & Zegar, D. (2006). What is the appropiate evaluation and treatment of children who are “toe walkers”? Journal of Family Practice, 55, 449–450.
  • Engelbert, R. H., Gorter, J. W., Uiterwaal, C. S., van de Putte, E., & Helders, P. J. (2011). Idiopathic toe-walking in children, adolescents and young adults: a matter of local or generalised stiffness? BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 12, 61–68.
  • Engström, P., Gutierrez, E. M., Bartonek, A., Tedroff, K., Orefelt, C., & HaglundAkerlind, Y. (2010). Does botulinum toxin A improve the walking pattern in children with idiopathic toe-walking? Journal of Children’s Orthopaedics, 4, 301–308.
  • Engström, P., & Tedroff, K. (2012). The prevalence and course of idiopathic toewalking in 5-year-old children. Pediatrics, 130, 279–284.
  • Evans, A. M., Cooper, A. W., Scharfbillig, R. W., Scutter, S. D., & Williams, M. T. (2003). Reliability of the Foot Posture Index and Traditional Measures of Foot Position. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association., 93, 203–213.
  • Femery, V., Moretto, P., Renaut, H., Thévenon, A., & Lensel, G. (2002). Measurement of plantar pressure distribution in hemiplegic children: changes to adaptative gait patterns in accordance with deficiency. Clinical Biomechanics, 17, 406–413.
  • Fox, A., Deakin, S., Pettigrew, G., & Paton, R. (2006). Serial casting in the treatment of idiopathic toe-walkers and review of the literature. Acta Ortopaedica Belga, 72, 722–730.
  • Hallemans, A., D’Août, K., Clercq, D., & Aerts, P. (2003). Pressure distribution patterns under the feet of new walkers: the first two months of independent walking. Foot Ankle, 24, 444–453.
  • Hallemans, A., De Clercq, D., Van Dongen, S., & Aerts, P. (2006). Changes in footfunction parameters during the first 5 months after the onset of independent walking: a longitudinal follow-up study. Gait Posture, 23, 142–148.
  • Hirsch, G., & Wagner, B. (2004). The natural history of idiopathic toe-walking: a longterm follow-up of fourteen conservatively treated children. Acta Paediatrica, 93, 196–199.
  • Liu, X. C., Thometz, J. G., Tassone, C., Barker, B., & Lyon, R. (2004). Dynamic plantar pressure measurement for the normal subject. Free-mapping model for the analysis of pediatric foot deformities. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 25, 103–106.
  • Martín, P., Ballestero, R., & Atín, M. A. (2009). ¿Qué hacer cuando un niño anda de puntillas? Podoscopio, 42, 595–603.
  • Marzetti, E., Rabini, A., Piccinini, G., Piazzini, D. B., Vulpiani, M. C., Vetrano, M., Saraceni, V. M., & . . .. (2014). Neurocognitive therapeutic exercise improves pain and function in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. European Journal of Physical Rehabilation Medicine, 50, 255–264.
  • McMulkin, M. L., Baird, G. O., Caskey, P. M., & Ferguson, R. L. (2006). Comprehensive outcomes of surgically treated idiopathic toe walkers. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 26, 606–611.
  • Phethean, J., & Nester, C. (2012). The influence of body weight, body mass index and gender on plantar pressures: Results of a cross-sectional study of healthy children’s feet. Gait Posture, 36, 287–290.
  • Portellano, J. A. (2004). Trastornos neurológicos y alteraciones cognitivas durante el periodo perinatal: la disfunción cerebral infantil (II). Polibea, 68, 12–17.
  • Portellano, J. A., Mateos, R., Martínez-Arias, R., Tapia, A., & Granados, M. J. (2000). Cuestionario de Madurez Neuropsicológica Infantil (CUMANIN). Madrid: TEA Ediciones.
  • Shulman, L. H., Sala, D. S., Chu, M. L. Y., McCaul, P. R., & Sandler, B. J. (1997). Developmental implications of idiopathic toe walking. Journal of Pediatrics, 4, 541–546.
  • Stott, N. S., Walt, S. E., Lobb, G. A., Reynolds, N., & Nicol, R. O. (2004). Treatment for idiopathic toe-walking: results at skeletal maturity. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 24, 63–69.
  • Stricker, S. J. (2006). Evaluation and Treatment of the Child with Tiptoe Gait. International Pediatrics, 21(2), 91–98.
  • Van Gheluwe, B., Kirby, K. A., Roosen, P., & Phillips, R. (2002). Reliability and accuracy of biomechanical measurement of the lower extremities. Journal of American Podiatric Medical Association, 92, 317–326.
  • van Kuijk, A. A. A., Kosters, R., Vugts, M., & Geurts, A. C. H. (2014). Treatment for idiopathic toe walking: A systematic review of the literature. Jounal of Rehabilitation in Medicine, 46, 945–957.
  • Westberry, D. E., Davids, J. R., Davis, R. B., & de Morais, M. C. (2008). Idiopathic toe walking: a kinematic and kinetic profile. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 28, 352–358.
  • Williams, C. M., Tinley, P., Curtin, M., & Nielsen, S. (2013). Foot and ankle characteristics of children with an idiopathic toe-walking gait. Journal of American Podiatric Medical Association, 103, 374–379.
  • Williams, C. M., Tinley, P., Curtin, M., Wakefield, S., & Nielsen, S. (2013). Is idiopathic toe walking really idiopathic? The motor skills and sensory processing abilities associated with idiopathic toe walking gait. Journal of Child Neurology, 29, 71–78.
  • Williams, C. M., Tinley, P., & Rawicki, B. (2014). Idiopathic toe-walking: have we progressed in our knowledge of the causality and treatment of this gait type? Journal of American Podiatric Medical Association, 104, 253–262.
  • Zangrando, F., Paolucci, T., Vulpiani, M. C., Lamaro, M., Isidori, R., & Saraceni, V. M. (2014). Chronic pain and motor imagery: a rehabilitative experience in a case report. European Journal of Physical Rehabilation in Medicine, 50, 67–72.
Data source: Dialnet