Validating the TDRT-Q to assess the quality of the teacher-dancer relationship

  1. López-Jiménez, Alicia 1
  2. Rubio, Víctor J. 1
  3. Sánchez-Iglesias, Iván 1
  4. Jowett, Sophia 2
  1. 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

  2. 2 University of Loughborough
Journal:
Revista de psicología del deporte

ISSN: 1132-239X,  1988-5636

Year of publication: 2017

Issue Title: Revista de Psicología del Deporte

Volume: 26

Issue: 2

Pages: 71-79

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Revista de psicología del deporte

Abstract

The capacity of coaches to enable or disable athletes’ engagement and ability to reach their potential through the quality of the relationship they develop with them has received substantial research attention, yet the equivalent dyad in dance contexts–the teacher-dancer relationship–has remained relatively unexplored. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to extrapolate Jowett’s 3C’s Coach-Athlete Relationship Model to the dance context and adapt and validate a Spanish translation of the CART-Q, a psychometric tool that has been extensively used to assess the coach-athlete relationship, to examine the teacher-dancer relationship. 175 Spanish dancers aged 18 to 40 (M = 22.47, SD = 4.85) of diverse performance levels and various dance disciplines completed the renamed Teacher-Dancer Relationship Questionnaire (TDRT-Q), the Spanish translation of the CART-Q adapted to dance contexts. A confirmatory factor analysis highlighted the hierarchical nature of the relationship as has been originally postulated containing Closeness, Commitment, and Complementarity. Overall the TDRT-Q demonstrated adequate psychometric properties. In line with these results, the 3C’s model can be transferred to analyse the teacher dancer relationship. Moreover, the TDRT-Q can be used to assess the quality of the teacher-dancer relationship and further advance knowledge and understanding in this achievement-orientated performing arts context.

Bibliographic References

  • Adie, J. W., and Jowett, S. (2010). Meta-perceptions of the coach-athlete relationship, achievement goals, and intrinsic motivation among sport participants. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40, 2750-2773. doi; 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00679.x
  • Balduck, A. L., and Jowett, S. (2010). Psychometric properties of the Belgian coach version of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q). Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20, 779-786. doi: 10.1111/j.16000838.2009.01020.x
  • Felton, L., and Jowett, S. (2013). The mediating role of social environmental factors in the associations between attachment styles and basic needs satisfaction. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31, 618-628. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.744078
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., and Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed). NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hampson, R., and Jowett, S. (2012). Effects of coach leadership and coach-athlete relationship on collective efficacy. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 24, 454-460. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01527.x.
  • Hays, K. F. (2002). The enhancement of performance excellence among performing artists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 299-312. doi: 10.1080/10413200290103572.
  • Hefferon, K. M., and Ollis, S. (2006). ‘Just clicks’: an interpretive phenomenological analysis of professional dancers’ experience of flow. Research in Dance Education, 7, 141-159. doi: 10.180/14647890601029527
  • Jackson, B., Knapp, P., and Beauchamp, M.R. (2009). The Coach-Athlete Relationship: A tripartite efficacy perspective. The Sport Psychologist, 23, 203-232. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.12.005.
  • Jones, R.L., Glintmeyer, N., and McKenzie, A. (2005). Slim bodies, eating disorders and the coach-athlete relationship. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 40, 377-391. doi : 10.1177/1012690205060231
  • Jowett, S. (2003). When the “honeymoon” is over: a case study of a coach-athlete dyad in crisis. The Sport Psychologist, 17, 444460.
  • Jowett, S. (2007). Interdependence analysis and the 3 + 1Cs in the coach-athlete relationship. In S. Jowett and D. Lavalle (Eds.), Social psychology in sport (pp. 15-27). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Jowett, S. (2008). Moderators and mediators of the association between the quality of the coach-athlete relationship and athletes’ physical self concept. International Journal of Sport Science and Coaching, 2, 43-62.
  • Jowett, S. (2009). Validating coach-athlete relationship measures with the nomological network. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 13, 34-51. doi: 10.1080/10913670802609136
  • Jowett, S., and Chaundy, V. (2004). An investigation into the impact of coach leadership and coach-athlete relationship on group cohesion. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research and Practice, 8, 302-311.doi: 10.1037/1089-2699.8.4.302
  • Jowett, S., and Cramer, D., (2010). The prediction of young athletes’ physical self from perceptions of relationships with parents and coaches. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11, 140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.10.001
  • Jowett, S., Kanakoglou, K., and Passmore, J. (2012). The application of the 3+1Cs relationship model in executive coaching. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 64, 183-197. doi: 10.1037/a0030316
  • Jowett, S., and Nezlek, J. (2012). Relationship interdependence and satisfaction with important outcomes in coach-athlete dyads. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29, 287-301.
  • Jowett, S., and Ntoumanis, N. (2004). The Coach – Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART – Q): Development and initial validation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 14, 245-257. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2003.00338.x
  • Jowett, S., and Wylleman, P. (2006). Interpersonal relationships in sport and exercise settings: Crossing the chasm. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7, 119-123. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.08.001
  • Kelley, H., and Thibaut, J. (1978). Interpersonal relations: A theory of independence. New York: Wiley.
  • Kristiansen, E., Tomten, S. E., Hanstad, D. V., and Roberts, G. C. (2012). Coaching communication issues with elite female athletes: Two Norwegian case studies. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 22, 156-167. doi: 10.1111/j.16000838.2012.01521.x
  • Lafrenière, M.-A. K., Jowett, S., Vallerand, R. J., and Carbonneau, N. (2011). Passion for coaching and the quality of the coachathlete relationship: The mediating role of coaching behaviors. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 144-152. doi: 10.1016/j. psychsport.2010.08.002
  • Law, M. P., Côté, J., and Ericsson, A. (2007). Characteristics of expert development in rhythmic gymnastics: a retrospective study. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5, 82-103. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2008.9671814
  • Lorimer, R., and Jowett, S. (2009). Empathic accuracy, meta-perspective, and satisfaction in the coach-athlete relationship. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, 201-212. doi: 10.1080/10413200902777289
  • Mainwaring, L. M., Krasnow, D., and Kerr, G. (2001). And the dance goes on: psychological impact of injury. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 5, 105-115.
  • Marsh, H. W., and Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: Firstand higher-order factor models and their invariance across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 562–582. doi: 10.1037/00332909.97.3.562
  • Muthén, L. K., and Muthén, B. O. (2007). Mplus User’s Guide. 5th Ed. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén and Muthén.
  • Nordin, S. M., and Cumming, J. (2008). Exploring common ground: comparing the imagery of dancers and aesthetic sport performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20, 375-391. doi: 10.1080/10413200802210795
  • Nordin-Bates, S. M., Quested, E., Walker, I. J., and Redding, E. (2012). Climate changes in the dance studio: findings from UK Centres for Advanced Training. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 1, 3-16. doi: 10.1037/a0025316
  • Poczwardowski, A., Barott, J. E., and Henschen, K. P. (2002). The athlete and coach: Their relationship and its meaning. Results of an interpretive study. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 33, 116-140.
  • Patton, W., and Ryan, R. (2000). Career transition among dancers. In D. Lavallee and P. Wylleman (Eds.), Career transitions in sport: International perspectives (pp. 169-180). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.
  • Quested, E., and Duda, J. L. (2010). Exploring the social-environmental determinants of welland ill-being in dancers: a test of basic needs theory. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 32, 39-60.
  • Quested, E., and Duda, J. L. (2011). Antecedents of burnout among elite dancers: a longitudinal test of basic needs theory. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.09.003
  • Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., and King. J. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99, 323–338. doi: 10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338
  • Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., and Cumming, S. P. (2007). Effects of a motivational climate intervention for coaches on young athletes’ sport performance anxiety. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 29, 39-59.
  • Stirling, A.E., and Gretchen, A. (2009). Abused athletes perceptions of the coach-athlete relationship. Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics, 12, 227-239.
  • Van Rossum, J. H. A. (2001). Talented in dance: The Bloom Stage Model revisited in the personal histories of dance students. High Ability Studies, 12, 181-197. doi: 10.1080/13598130120084320
  • Yang, X., and Jowett, S. (2010). An examination of the psychometric properties of the Chinese Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q). International Journal of Coaching Science, 4, 73-89.
  • Yang, X., and Jowett, S. (2012). Psychometric properties of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) in seven countries. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13, 36-43. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.07.010
Data source: Dialnet