Función del ácido lisofosfatídico como regulador lipídico modulador del comportamiento

  1. Guillermo Estivill-Torrús
  2. Luis Javier Santín
  3. Carmen Pedraza
  4. Estela Castilla-Ortega
  5. Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
Revista:
Escritos de psicología

ISSN: 1138-2635 1989-3809

Año de publicación: 2011

Volumen: 4

Número: 3

Páginas: 1-14

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.24310/ESPSIESCPSI.V4I3.13321 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Escritos de psicología

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

El ácido lisofosfatídico (LPA, del inglés lysophosphatidic acid) es un fosfolípido endógeno implicado en numerosos y diferentes procesos celulares a través de receptores acoplados a proteína G específicos (LPA1-6). El descubrimiento de una vía de señalización mediada por LPA en el cerebro en desarrollo y en el adulto permitió la caracterización posterior de sus funciones neurales. Los estudios realizados hasta la fecha por medio de aproximaciones experimentales tales como la deleción génica, que permitiera el desarrollo de animales nulos carentes de los receptores específicos, han representado una herramienta de indudable valía para demostrar la necesidad de, al menos, la expresión del receptor LPA1 para el desarrollo normal de la función cerebral y su función en numerosos procesos que incluyen la proliferación y diferenciación neural, supervivencia celular, sinapsis, neurotransmisión, o el balance neuroquímico, en diferentes áreas cerebrales y, de manera notable, en el hipocampo. Actualmente, son ya numerosos los trabajos que muestran alteraciones que afectarían a los procesos cognitivos y emocionales en correlación con las alteraciones estructurales y neuroquímicas descritas. En este artículo se revisan las funciones del LPA en el comportamiento particularizadas, principalmente, al receptor LPA1, y se mencionan, igualmente, sus implicaciones en patologías psiquiátricas.

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