Prevalencia de la obesidad y el sobrepeso de una población universitaria de la Comunidad de Madrid (2017)

Laburpena

Introduction: Nowadays, obesity is considered a chronic metabolic disease with serious consequences, since high BMI values are associated with a high mortality, morbidity and decreased hope and quality of life, by acting as a risk factor in the development of other chronic diseases. In our country the prevalence of obesity has increased progressively since 1987 (7.8%) until 2014 (16.91%), while the overweight has done slightly, from 32.3% in 1987 to 35.7% in 2014. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of obesity and overweight in a sample of College adults of the community of Madrid in the year 2017 Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, performing individual anthropometric measurements (height and weight) to later calculate the body mass index (BMI). For the weight classification criteria were used based on the value of proposed IMC by SEEDO and WHO. The analysis of the data was carried out in a sample not probabilistic, taking place a descriptive statistical study, calculating the mean values and their standard deviation, for a 95% confidence interval, in addition to percentages and number of cases. The percentage distribution of BMI by sex and age groups, were also calculated grouped for further analysis, according to the classifications of the SEEDO and WHO. Results: The mean BMI of the total sample was 22.7 kg/m2. The prevalence of overweight and obesity amounted to 21.29% and 1.98% respectively. In the analysis of BMI according to SEEDO classification it was found that 11.88% and 7.43% of the study population had overweight of grade I and grade II respectively; cases of type I obesity amounted to 1.98% of the study subjects, i.e., 21.29% of the population studied was overweight. According to the who classification, 21.29% of the population was overweight, of which 1.98% were obese. Discussion: ENRICA report notifying the 62.3% of the Spanish adult population was overweight a figure well above that of our study (21.29%). Also stated in its conclusions that the frequency of obesity was higher in men than in women; similar conclusion is obtained in our study, where the obese male population (5.71%), almost fivefold (1.20%) female. The BMI weighted in adult population during 2016, was 24.9 kg/m2 in women and 27.2 kg/m2 in men, according to NCDRisC; data on BMI of our study with respect to the female sex are consistent with these findings, since the result was also located within the limits of the range of normal weight, with a weighted BMI of 22.3 kg/m2; same is not true with respect to the male population, since our weighted BMI figures are 24.5 kg/m2. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight in the sample was 21.29% (h: 45.71%; M: 16.17%), with a prevalence of obesity of 1.98% (H: 5.71%; M: 1.20%). The BMI of the study population amounted to 22.7 kg/m2 (H: 24.5 kg/m2; 22.3 kg/m2).