Moisés en la política moderna

Résumé

MARÍA ROSARIO SERRANO GARCÍA THESISABSTRACT MOSES IN MODERN POLITICS 1. Purposes of this thesis The thesis comprises some reads and analyses on diverse scholars of the historical or mythical figure of Moses. The unprecedented phenomenon of Moses at MountSinai has been analysed by theologians and philosophers. This essay attempts to show how we do not find any interpretation about Moses (between the Middle Ages and the modern age) exempt or devoid of political dissertations. The analysis of the events that took place at Mount Sinai turned intoa political issue for many audacious thinkers. The theoretical foundations of democracy depended on the creativity of a philosopher, Spinoza, to recreate the events that took place at Mount Sinai. Therefore, in this essay, we will study three areas. The first one is the interpretation of the events that took place at Mount Sinai that every author proposes. The second one is the motivation or explanation of why this author sees the events of Mount Sinai that way and only that way, which intention is behind every interpretation;an interpretation that is placed in a psychosocial universe and, above all, in an age and society that face different political problems and challenges. The third one is how these interpretations recreate new images, politically charged, that intend to establish new relations of domination and power. As this thesis studies three different levels of understanding, it responds to three different theoretical requests. The first one is about the origin and understanding of modern political concepts. More specifically, about the problem of whether we can understand modern political concepts outside of the process of secularization. The second one wonders about the theoretical foundations of modern democracy, starting from the study of Spinoza's TTP. The third one thinks about whether we can talk about the creation of a subject in favour of democracy that is prepared against imperial domination. 2. Methodology We face a complex research. The main task lied in getting hold of the socio-historical processes witha political nature that were focused on the power struggles of the modern age, subject that constitutes the main focus of this thesis. We have displayed the set of categories of the modern age, mainly focused on the analysis of Moses' figure, from a historical and conceptual point of view, that allowed us to go back to the Middle Ages and advance until the postmodern age. Conceptual history, as a scientific methodology, allows us to reveal the specific categorymechanism of modern political philosophy, against those that the cosmos of the first modernity constitutes well, or of the medieval mental world. 3. Conclusions: -The modern political concepts cannot be understood, at least in their whole complexity, outside of the process of secularization. -The theoretical foundations of modern democracy are partly due to the secularization of Jewish messianism and the components that integrate it, that is: prophet, prophecy, messianic state and redemption, that are translated into revolutionary, political speech, democratic state and final destination of the people or achievement of the desired peace of the State. -The foundations of the modern state, as well as the creation of a subject in favour of democracy and against empire, cannot be understood outside of the heterodox Judeo-Kabbalistic-Hellenistic interpretations that were originating new ways to understand power throughout history, starting from the socio-political historical interpretation of the events that took place at Mount Sinai.