Evaluación ecográfica del tejido blando de la región abdominal y diafragmática en sujetos deportistas

Zusammenfassung

Introduction: Dysfunction and presence of pain in the lumbopelvic region presents a high prevalence in the athlete. The ultrasound technique "Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging" (RUSI) stands out as a useful morphofunctional assessment tool for this region. Methods: Three observational and cross-sectional studies were carried out evaluating muscular and abdominal connective tissue morphology in elite and amateur basketball players (I and II), and diaphragmatic muscle function in athletes with and without lumbopelvic pain (III). Results: The elite basketball players showed significant differences with greater thickness of the muscular periconective tissue of the external oblique and transversus abdominis of the left side, and right external oblique, lower muscular periconective tissue between the transversus abdominis and internal oblique, and in the total summation of the left side (I); greater weight height, BMI, respiratory distress, inter-rectus distance and thickness of the transversus abdominis of the left side, and lower bilateral external oblique (II). Athletes with lumbopelvic pain showed a lower bilateral thickness of the diaphragm and a smaller difference in thickness between respiratory phases (III). Conclusions: There are morphological changes in the muscles and connective tissue of the abdomen of basketball players at the professional level, and a lower diaphragmatic thickness in athletes with lumbopelvic pain.