Implicaciones fisiopatológicas de la cirugía bariátrica en modelo dietético de síndrome metabólico en la especie porcina

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyse how gastric bypass plays a role in glucose metabolism in the obese porcine model, regardless of weight loss. Seventeen male Göttingen minipigs were used. Subjects were nourished with hypercaloric feed and surgical castration. Obese animals were undergone a gastric bypass. All animals were subjected to a repeated metabolic evaluation at baseline (P0), after diet induction (P1), and 4 months after surgery (P2). At each time point, glucose and insulin curve, and concentration of adiponectin, TNF-a, C reactive protein and GLP-1 were measured. The magnetic resonance was performed on the animals in order to determine the volumes different regions. Also, renal, pancreatic and liver samples were taken for anatomopathologic study in all periods. In the P1 period, animals showed a progressive increase of the weight and circumferences, corresponding with a raise of all parameters in the lipid profile and the glucose metabolism Of the inflammatory parameters, only C reactive protein suffered an elevation. After gastric bypass, body weight and circumferences remained unchanged. Visceral adipose tissue were reduce, ligated to fasting glucose and insulin were dramatically modified, both parameters showed a statistically significant reduction. HOMA-IR also was reduced after gastric bypass, leading a glucose homeostasis improvement. RGBP provokes a change in the gastrointestinal anatomy, which caused alteration in the adiposity distribution and reduces the factors involved in the negative influence of the insulin resistance, contributing to glucose metabolism improvement, regardless weight loss.