Análisis del perfil de salud y riesgo cardiovascular en una población joven adulta

Abstract

Introduction and objectives.- The present research has been developed in the field of prevention and aims to define a risk profile in a population tendentially understudied from the biomedical point of view. Knowing the physical determinants and healthy or harmful behavior in order to deduce the state of health of youth and to predict the effect that certain risk factors have in long term. Methods -. Observational study, retrospective descriptive with quantitative approach. The size of the study sample was 552 young people (472 men and 80 women) with a mean age of 21.2 ± 1.9 years old. The variables: overweight, smoking, physical activity, blood pressure (BP), blood glucose, dyslipidemia, family history, alcohol consumption and sleep quality; regarding their nature were evaluated. Results -. In BP we have observed that 39% had high values. Diastolic BP is lower among those who practice high intensity exercise compared to sedentary. In the sample 5.1% had poor sleep quality. Young people who reported sleeping less than 6 hours of sleep have on average a higher systolic BP value when compared to the remaining sample. The number of smokers represented 11% of cases. Smokers have a higher average time latency compared to non-smokers and ex-smokers (p = 0.022). Total cholesterol was elevated by 12%, LDL cholesterol increased by 14% and HDL cholesterol decreased by 5%. The prevalence of physical inactivity in the sample was 26% in women and 29% men. Alcohol consumers constitute 50.0% of cases (women are 6.80% and 43.29% men). Conclusions -. Results from this sample for dyslipidemia and BP are worrying when we consider the age group under study and the fact that these metabolic and hemodynamic changes are responsible for the early development of atherosclerosis. We emphasize the large number of consumers of alcohol (58.2%), and short sleepers and long sleepers representing 8% and 42%, respectively. These results indicate the need to know the individual risk of developing cardiovascular disease in pre-adulthood.