Eficacia comparativa de dos intervenciones de entrenamiento en cognición social en pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia

Résumé

The present work consists of a randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of two interventions based on social cognition training in outpatients with schizophrenia. Our main hypothesis was that TAR program and SCIT program would achieve a similar improvement in the theory of mind measure of outpatient with schizophrenia. Other hypotheses were: a) TAR program is more effective than SCIT in improving the ability to recognize facial emotions of outpatients with schizophrenia; b) SCIT program is more effective than TAR in improving the attributional style of outpatients with schizophrenia; c) Both TAR and SCIT programs will achieve a similar improvement in functionality of outpatients with schizophrenia; d) the effect of TAR program and SCIT program on theory of mind of outpatient with schizophrenia is maintained after 3 months. The clinical trial design of two groups with pre-post and follow-up assessments was used to investigate the effects of Training of Affect Recognition program (TAR), compared to Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT). Performance in measures of social cognition, basic cognitive functioning, symptomatology and functional capacity were assessed before (T0), after treatment (T1) and 3 months later (T2). Thus, the conclusions of the study are: 1. TAR program and SCIT program obtain a similar improvement in the theory of mind measure of outpatient with schizophrenia. This effect is maintained at 3 months. 2. TAR program is more effective than the SCIT program in the recognition of facial emotions of outpatients with schizophrenia. This difference in effectiveness is maintained at 3 months. 3. TAR program and SCIT program achieve a similar improvement in the measure of functionality of outpatients with schizophrenia. This effect is maintained at 3 months. 4. TAR program and SCIT program achieve a similar improvement in verbal fluency of outpatients with schizophrenia. This effect is maintained at 3 months.