Citoprotección miocárdicaefecto de la trimetazidina en la isquemia miocárdica

Abstract

The functional and ultrastructural consequences of the treatment with trimetazidine (TMZ) were analyzed in two canine models of myocardial stunning: One model of very brief coronary occlusion (2 minutes) and repeated (20) followed of 3 minutes of reperfusion (protocol 1), and a 15 minutes long unique ischaemia model and 60 minutes of reperfusion (protocol 2). 30 mestize dogs were used, randomized at double blind, with Placebo treatment or TMZ during a week. The examined end points were: haemodynamic parameters (cardiac rate, left ventricular pressure and dP/dt), parameters of regional function of the ischemic and control myocardial areas (telesystolic and teledyastolic diameter and shortening fraction), and ultrastructual study through electronic microscope of mitochondria (injury and size). During performance of protocol 1, it was detected a lesser damage in the regional function of ischemic area at the end of the testing in the group treated with TMZ (93% of basal value) comparing with the Placebo serie (64% of basal value). In the ultrastructural study of ischemic area, differences were not objectified in the mitochondrial damage between both series, but mitochondrias treated with TMZ showed a significant increase in the perimeter and major axis and a decrease in the minor one. During the analysis of protocol 2, the shortening fraction of the ischemic area experienced a drop of its values to figures of acinesia/discinesia during coronary obstruction, with partial recovery of its values after 60 minutes of reperfusion, without significant differences between Placebo series and TMZ ones (50% vs 41% of basal value). In the ultrastructural study of ischemic area no significant differences were noticed between both series, with similar percentages of mitochondrial damage; on the contrary ischemic mitochondrias in the group treated with TMZ were shorter than those presented in the Placebo group. In the control area do not submitted to ischemia in both protocols, the mitochondrias treated with TMZ showed significant morphology changes, with an increase on major axis and a decrease of the minor one, presenting a morphology like a small cane.