Los debates electorales de 2015 y 2016 en España. Contexto de percepción y credibilidad para los jóvenes

  1. Alfredo Arceo Vacas 1
  2. Sergio Álvarez Sánchez 1
  3. Olga Serrano Villalobos 2
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España)
  2. 2 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (España)
Revue:
Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

ISSN: 1138-5820

Année de publication: 2020

Número: 76

Pages: 17-37

Type: Article

DOI: 10.4185/RLCS-2020-1435 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: Revista Latina de Comunicación Social

Résumé

Introduction: This article describes the influence of the context of perception of the electoral debates broadcasted on 2015 December 14th and 2016 June 13th, in the credibility attributed to the candidates, and the reached degree of understanding. Method: Polls of that time were reviewed; a descriptive analysis of the press news was conducted; two focus groups on credibility judgments with young actuants were organized; and content analyses of the candidates’ messages on Twitter were performed. Results: The press favored a context of negative emotions; the candidates used Twitter to show their social efficacy, but failed to convince young people. Discussion: Campaign teams should worry for the lack of perception of the credibility subfactor most worked by candidates. Conclusions: The candidates would have looked more credible had they worked on other credibility subfactors, instead of focusing only on social efficacy; and by acting more spontaneously (something on which Rajoy succeeded).

Information sur le financement

This article is the product of the research project “The televised electoral debates during the campaigns of 20-D of 2015 and 26-J of 2016: comparative study of the messages and the image projected by the candidates”, reference PR41/17-20954, financed by the public body Complutense University with the support of the private entity Santander, within the aid program for the financing of research projects PR41 / 17. Dates: -Start of research: December 15th, 2017. -End of research: December 15th, 2018.

Financeurs

    • PR41 / 17

Références bibliographiques

  • Aaldering, L.; Van der Meer, T. & Van der Brug, W. (2018). Mediated leader effects: The impact of newspapers’ portrayal of party leadership on electoral support. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 23(1), 70-94. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1940161217740696
  • Arceo Vacas, J. L. (Dir.) (1993). Campañas electorales y publicidad política en España (1976-1991). Barcelona: ESRP-PPU.
  • Ballesteros Herencia, C. A. (2017, julio). Movilización en las campañas electorales a través de las redes sociales. Las elecciones generales españolas de 2015. Ponencia presentada en la 15ª conferencia de la International Association for Media and Communication Research, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/26049
  • Berrocal, S.; Redondo, M.; Martín, V. y E. Campos (2014). La presencia del infoentretenimiento en los canales generalistas de la TDT española. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, (69), 85-103. https://www.doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2014-1002
  • Broom, G. M. (1977). Coorientational measurement of public relations. Public Relations Review, 3(4), 110-119. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(77)80010-6
  • Cialdini, R. (2017). Pre-Suasion. A revolucionary way to influence and persuade. Simon & Schuster.
  • Chaves-Montero, A. y Gadea, W. F. (2017). Uso, efectividad y alcance de la comunicación política en las redes sociales. En: A. Chaves-Montero (Ed.), Comunicación política y redes sociales (pp. 13-32). Egregius.
  • Coleman, S. & Moss, G. (2016). Rethinking election debates: What citizens are entitled to expect. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 21(1), 3-24. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1940161215609732
  • Druckman. J. N. (2001). On the limits of framing effects: who can frame? The Journal of Politics, 63(4), 1041-1066. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/0022-3816.00100
  • Edgerly, S. L.; Thorson, K. & Wells, C. (2018). Young citizens, social media, and the dynamics of political learning in the U.S. presidential primary election. American Behavioral Scientist, 62(8), 1042-1060. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218764236
  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  • Eveland, Jr., W. P. & Hutchens, M. J. (2013). The role of conversation in developing accurate political perceptions: A multilevel social network approach. Human Communication Research, 39(4), 422–444. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12011
  • Harris, D. B. (2010). Partisan framing in legislative debates. En: B. F. Schaffner y P. J. Sellers (Eds.): Winning with words: The origins and impact of political framing. Routledge.
  • Kahneman, D. (2012). Pensar rápido, pensar despacio. Penguin Random House.
  • Kim, J. Y.; Kiousis, S. & Molleda, J. C. (2015). Use of affect in blog communication: Trust, credibility, and authenticity. Public Relations Review, 41(4), 504-507. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12011
  • Lawson, J.; Chappell, H.; Lenz, G. S.; Baker, A. & Myers, M. (2010). Looking like a winner: Candidate appearance and electoral success in new democracies. World Politics, 62(4), 561-593. https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S0043887110000195
  • Loader, B.; Vromen, A. & Xenos, M. (2014). The networked young citizen: Social media, political participation and civic engagement. Information Communication and Society, 17(2), 143-150. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.871571
  • López-García, G.; Llorca-Abad, G.; Valera-Ordaz, L. y Peris-Blanes, À. (2018). Los debates electorales, ¿el último reducto frente la mediatización? Un estudio de caso de las elecciones generales españolas de 2015. Palabra Clave, 21(3), 772-797. https://www.doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2018.21.3.6
  • Manning, N. (2013). The relational self and the political engagements of young adults. Journal of Sociology, 50(4), 486-500. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1440783312467094
  • Mazzoleni, G. (2010). La comunicación política. Alianza Editorial.
  • McLeod, J. M. & Chafee, S. H. (1973). Interpersonal approaches to communication research. American Behavioral Scientist, 16(4), 469-500. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/000276427301600402
  • Mueller, F. (2018). Taking Goffman seriously: Developing strategy-as-practice. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, (53), 16-30. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2017.03.009
  • Ongwuebuzie, A. J. & Combs, J. P. (2011). Data analysis in mixed research: A primer. International Journal of Education, 3(1), 1-25. https://www.doi.org/10.5296/ije.v3i1.618
  • Strömback, J. & Kiousis, S. (2011). Political public relations: Defining and mapping an emergent field. En: J. Strömback & S. Kiousis (Eds.): Political Public Relations. Principles and Applications (pp. 1-32). Routledge. https://www.doi.org/10.4324/9780203864173
  • Todorov, A.; Mandisodza, A. N.; Goren, A. & Hall, C. C. (2005). Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes. Science, 308(5728), 1623-1626. https://www.doi.org/10.1126/science.1110589
  • Van Aelst, P.; Sheafer, T. & Stanyer, J. (2011). The personalization of mediated political communication: A review of concepts, operationalizations and key findings. Journalism, 13(2), 203-220. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1464884911427802
  • Van Zuydam, S. & Hendricks, S. F. (2018). Credibility enacted: Understanding the meaning of credible political leadership in the Dutch parliamentary election campaign of 2010. Journal of Political Marketing, 17(3), 258-281. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/15377857.2015.1039747
  • Walden, J. A.; Bortree, D. & DiStaso, M. (2015). Reconsidering the public relations professional–blogger relationship: A coorientation study. Public Relations Review, 41(4), 526-532. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2015.06.002
  • Watanabe, K. (2017). Measuring news bias: Russia’s official news agency ITAR-TASS’ coverage of the Ukraine crisis. European Journal of Communication, 32(3), 224-241. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0267323117695735
  • Andstead, N. (2016). A different beast? Televised election debates in parliamentary democracies. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 21(4), 508–526. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1940161216649953
  • Fontenla Pedreira, J.; Conde Vázquez, E. y Máiz Bar, C. (2019). Uso de Twitter durante los debates electorales televisados en los comicios andaluces de 2018. Ámbitos. Revista Internacional de Comunicación, 46(2019), 213-240. https://www.doi.org/10.12795/Ambitos.2019.i46.12
  • García Marín, J. (2015). La cobertura mediática de los debates electorales en España. Revista Española de Ciencia Política, (38), 135-161. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/00028533.2001.11821554
  • Housholder, E. E. & LaMarre, H. L. (2014). Facebook politics: Toward a process model for achieving political source credibility through social media. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 11(4), 368-382. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2014.951753
  • Mazaira-Castro, A.; Rúas-Araújo, J. y Puentes-Rivera, I. (2019). Fact-checking en los debates electorales televisados de las elecciones generales de 2015 y 2016. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, (74), 748-766. https://www.doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2019-1355
  • Pressgrove, G. & Kim, C. (2018). Stewardship, credibility and political communications: A content analysis of the 2016 election. Public Relations Review, 44(2), 247-255. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.01.003