Estudio y caracterización de andamios 2D y 3D funcionalizados con RGD-Cys-D1 para su aplicación en ingeniería de tejidos en el tratamiento de lesiones de cartílago articular humano

Abstract

Cartilage is a tissue with a limited regenerative capacity. It causes that small lesions can develop in illness as arthrosis. Tissue engineering uses biomaterials, cells and stimulus with the intention of generating tissues, which could be implanted in the human body as a substitute or for helping the malfunctioning tissue. In the area of cartilage regeneration multiple scaffolds have been manufactured with different biomaterials, trying to generate an in vitro cartilage with the structure and function of the native articular cartilage. Even though, we are far away from getting to our objective, and most of the constructs generated are fibrocartilage. On the other hand, fibronectin, and specially its RGD sequence, has been described as participant during the chondrogenic differentiation. Of great interest is the function of the fibronectin as guide in the distribution and deposition of the cartilage matrix during embryonic chondrogenesis. The objective of this work is determining the chondrogenic potential of the poly-L-lactic acid membranes and polycaprolactone three-dimensional scaffolds functionalized with different RGD-Cys-D1 dendrimer concentrations. For obtaining this objective, mesenchymal stromal cells have been cultivated in both scaffolds with chondrogenic medium. The results have been obtaining by studying the gene expression and histologict test of the obtained samples after the culture. It has been observed that the mesenchymal stromal cells have different responses to the concentrations of dendrimers. The RGD-Cys-D1 stimulated the chondrogenesis in the mesenchymal stromal cells when cultured in the poly-L-lactic acid membranes, but not in the polycaprolactone scaffolds. The use of different concentrations of RGD-Cys-D1 for cartilage regenerati