Del hijo único al segundo hijopolíticas demográficas en China y sus consecuencias sobre la población

  1. Francisco Zamora López 1
  2. Cristina Rodríguez Veiga 2
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  2. 2 Escuela Oficial de Idiomas de Vigo
Revista:
REIS: Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas

ISSN: 0210-5233

Año de publicación: 2020

Número: 172

Páginas: 141-160

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5477/CIS/REIS.172.141 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: REIS: Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas

Resumen

Desde la aplicación de la política del hijo único en 1979 hasta la ya anunciada posible desaparición de cualquier mención a un número máximo de hijos en marzo de 2020, los dirigentes chinos han ido adaptando la natalidad de la población china a las supuestas necesidades de su demografía. Se analiza si la política del hijo único incidió sobre el descenso de la fecundidad en China, así como otras consecuencias que habitualmente se le atribuyen: descenso del crecimiento poblacional, envejecimiento acelerado, incremento del desequilibrio por sexo y desequilibrio del mercado matrimonial. Igualmente se intenta averiguar lo que hubiera pasado de no aplicarse esta política del hijo único. Por último, se procura valorar cuáles serían las consecuencias sobre la situación demográfica actual china de la previsible desaparición de la limitación del número máximo de hijos por pareja.

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