Hígado graso no alcohólicoprevalencia y factores de riesgo en niños obesos

Zusammenfassung

Introduction: Changes in diet and obesity are responsible for the emerging nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis (NASH) in children, which may progress to inflammation with fibrosis. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of NASH in obese children by ultrasound and to assess the clinical and laboratory data and risk factors. Methodology: A pilot study in a selected group of 20 pediatric patients with obesity (BMI + 2.5 DS); prospective registry and descriptive analysis of clinical data questionnaire nutritional habits and lifestyle, physical examination with anthropometric variables, analytical study and ultrasound diagnosis of hepatic steatosis. Results: 12 men and 8 women, mean age 12.5 years (range: 6.5 to 16), 100% with a family history of obesity and metabolic disorders, 90% carbohydrate or lipid metabolism disorders (35% LDL, triglycerides 30%); sonographic diagnosis of steatosis in 20%, two of them with hypertransaminasemia (AST 65-35 U/L, ALT 42-100 U/L); 65% had eated between meals, pastries and other sweets (4-5 days a week), and there was predominantly sedentary activity (8.3 h/week) compared to physical exercise (4.2 h/week). Conclusions: The high BMI, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance are risk factors associated with NASH. early intervention can prevent its onset and progression. ultrasonography is safe and it should be considered as a method of early diagnosis in obese children.