Influencia de la dieta en la salud ósea

Laburpena

In conclusion, it is difficult to determine to what degree diet is responsible for health maintenance of the population. Nutritional recommendations aim to prevent the development of chronic and degenerative diseases in order to promote the individual's health. The idea of a healthy diet for maintenance, among others, of bone health arises in this context. Up to now, there is no definitive scientific evidence to establish firm recommendations on the diet and bone health relationship, except for calcium and vitamin D. In the case of calcium, mineral supplements should be recommended in populations with intake less than 400-500 mg/day. At present, more studies are needed to establish if the increase of calcium intake in individuals with sufficient diets and in populations with low risk of fracture mean an additional benefit for the bone. In regards to vitamin D, the evidence demonstrates that individuals at risk of having a deficit, as the elderly who live in residences, should receive oral supplements of this vitamin. However, at present, it is unknown if improving the state of this vitamin in these vulnerable groups is an effective populational strategy to prevent osteoporosis in the future. For the rest of the diet components, their relationship with bone health is still under debate. Recommendations of adequate diet to promote health and avoid chronic diseases are also valid for osteoporosis. These measures include usual intake of fruit, vegetables and lactic products, substitute mean with farm products, fish and pod vegetables and reducing salt content, coffee and alcohol in the diet.