Tratamiento psicológico del dolor y la ansiedad evocados por procedimientos médicos invasivos en oncología pediátrica

  1. Bragado Alvarez, Carmen
  2. Fernández Marcos, Ana
Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 1996

Volumen: 8

Número: 3

Páginas: 625-656

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Durante la última década se ha observado un gran interés por investigar la naturaleza del dolor infantil, dando lugar a interesantes avances en este campo de conocimiento. Se han elaborado instrumentos de evaluación que permiten acceder a la experiencia subjetiva en edades muy tempranas y se han desarrollado buenas estrategias psicológicas para reducir el malestar evocado por procedimientos médicos dolorosos. En este artículo se ofrece una exposición general sobre la naturaleza del dolor en relación a los aspectos evolutivos y se revisan diversos trabajos relativos al tratamiento psicológico de niños con cáncer que deben someterse con cierta regularidad a tales procedimientos. Las técnicas distractoras, el uso de la imaginación y el entrenamiento en respiración/relajación se perfilan como los elementos terapéuticos esenciales para aliviar el dolor y reducir la ansiedad.

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