Debates electorales y conflicto. Un análisis con máquinas de soporte virtual (SVM) de la cobertura mediática de los debates en España desde 2008

  1. Javier García-Marín 1
  2. Adolfo Calatrava 2
  3. Óscar G. Luengo 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

  2. 2 Universidad Nebrija
    info

    Universidad Nebrija

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03tzyrt94

Journal:
El profesional de la información

ISSN: 1386-6710 1699-2407

Year of publication: 2018

Issue Title: Indicadores II / Libro electrónico

Volume: 27

Issue: 3

Pages: 624-632

Type: Article

DOI: 10.3145/EPI.2018.MAY.15 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: El profesional de la información

Abstract

The effects of electoral debates on audiences have been extensively studied in the academia, having been concluded that they can be relevant, both in the cognitive and behavioural realm. However, various investigations suggest that media coverage can be a strong moderator of the possible effects on electoral behaviour. The present investigation shows the effect of the number of candidates present in the electoral debate in Spain in the subsequent media coverage. Using innovative machine learning techniques, the presence of conflict in media coverage has been identified to show that, when there are more than two candidates, media tend to focus on other elements, relegating the most conflictive moments to a secondary place.

Bibliographic References

  • Anstead, Nick (2016). “A different beast? Televised election debates in parliamentary democracies”. The international journal of press/politics, v. 21, n. 4, pp. 508-526. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/66293 https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161216649953
  • Bennet, Lance; Entman, Robert (eds.) (2001). Mediated politics: Communication in the future of democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521789769
  • Benoit, William L.; Currie, Heather (2017). “Inaccuracies in media coverage of the 1996 and 2000 presidential debates”. Argumentation and advocacy, v. 38, n. 1, pp. 28-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00028533.2001.11821554
  • Benoit, William; Wells, William (1996). Candidates in conflict: Persuasive attack and defense in the 1992 presidential debates. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. ISBN: 978 0 817308681
  • Berrocal, Salomé (2003). “La personalización en la política”. En: Berrocal, Salomé (coord.). Comunicación política en televisión y nuevos medios. Barcelona: Ariel, pp. 55-79. ISBN: 978 84 34412965
  • Campo-Vidal, Manuel (2017). La cara oculta de los debates electorales. Barcelona: Arpa. ISBN: 978 84 16601349
  • Campus, Donatella (2010). “Mediatization and personalization of politics in Italy and France: The cases of Berlusconi and Sarkozy”. The international journal of press/ politics, v. 15, n. 2, pp. 219-235. https://goo.gl/1AkC5B https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161209358762
  • Caprara, Gian-Vittorio (2007). “The personalization of modern politics”. European review, v. 15, n. 2, pp. 151164. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1062798707000178
  • Chang, Chih-Chung; Lin, Chih-Jen (2011). “Libsvm: A library for support vector machines”. ACM transactions on intelligent systems and technology (TIST), v. 2, n. 3, art. 27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1961189.1961199
  • CIS (2011). Estudio 2915. Preelectoral elecciones generales 2011. Panel (1ª fase). http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/1_encuestas/estudios/ ver.jsp?estudio=11884
  • CIS (2015). Estudio 3117. Preelectoral elecciones generales 2015. Panel (1ª fase). http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/ Marginales/3100_3119/3117/Es3117mar.pdf
  • Coleman, Stephen; Moss, Gilles (2016). “Rethinking election debates: What citizens are entitled to expect”. The international journal of press/politics, v. 21, n. 1, pp. 3-24. http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90843/9/Rethinking%20 Election%20Debates.pdf https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161215609732
  • Coleman, Stephen; Steibel, Fabro; Blumler, Jay (2011). “Media coverage of the prime ministerial debates”. En: Wring, Dominic; Mortimore, Roger; Atkinson, Simon (eds.)
  • Political communication in Britain: The leader debates, the campaign and the media in the 2010 general election. Londres: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 37-55. ISBN: 978 0 230301467
  • Feinerer, Ingo; Hornik, Kurt; Meyer, David (2008). “Text mining infrastructure in R”. Journal of statistical software, v. 25, n. 5, pp. 1-54. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v025.i05
  • García-Marín, Javier (2015). “La cobertura mediática de los debates electorales en España”. Revista española de ciencia política, n. 35, pp. 135-161. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/recp/article/view/37666
  • Grün, Bettina; Hornik, Kurt (2011). “Topicmodels: An R package for fitting topic models”. Journal of statistical software, v. 40, n. 13, pp. 1-30. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v040.i13
  • Joachims, Thorsten (1998) “Text categorization with support vector machines: Learning with many relevant features”. In: Nédellec C.; Rouveirol C. (eds). Machine learning: ECML-98. ECML 1998. Lecture notes in computer science, v. 1398. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. ISBN: 978 3 540 69781 7 http://svmlight.joachims.org https://www.cs.cornell.edu/people/tj/publications/joachims_98a. pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0026683
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia (2008). “Informational utility”. En: Donsbach, Wolfgang (ed.). International encyclopedia of communication. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, pp. 2273-2276. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405186407.wbieci030
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia; Kleinman, Steven (2012). “Preelection selective exposure: Confirmation bias versus information utility”. Communication research, v. 39, n. 2, pp. 170-193. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211400597
  • Lang, Kurt; Lang, Gladys (1977). “Reactions from viewers”. En: Kraus, Sydney (ed.). The great debates: Kennedy vs. Nixon, 1960; a reissue. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 313-330. ISBN: 0253326303
  • Langer, Ana-Inés (2007). “A historical exploration of the personalisation of politics in the print media: The British Prime Ministers (1945-1999)”. Parlamentary affairs, v. 60, n. 3, pp. 371387. https://doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsm028
  • Lazarsfeld, Paul; Berelson, Bernard; Gaudet, Hazel (1944). The people’s choice. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN: 0231085834
  • Luengo, Óscar G. (2011). “Debates electorales en televisión: una aproximación preliminar a sus efectos inmediatos”. Revista española de ciencia política, n. 25, pp. 81-96. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/recp/article/view/37516
  • Meyer, David (2001). “Support vector machines”. R News, v. 1, n. 3, pp. 23-26. https://datajobs.com/data-science-repo/SVM-in-R-[DavidMeyer].pdf Osowski, Stanislaw; Siwek, Krzysztof; Markiewicz, Tomasz (2004). “MLP and SVM networks a comparative study”. In: Procs of the 6th Nordic signal processing symposium (Norsig) 2004, pp. 37-40. https://goo.gl/Dukaio
  • Plasser, Fritz; Plasser, Gunda (2002). Global political campaigning. A worldwide analysis of campaign professionals and their practices. Westport: Praeger. ISBN: 978 0 275974640
  • Reinemann, Carsten; Maurer, Marcus (2005). “Unifying or polarizing? Short-term effects and post-debate consequences of different rhetorical strategies in televised debates”. Journal of communication, v. 55, n. 4, pp. 775-794. https://goo.gl/EU5kyA https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb03022.x
  • Reinemann, Carsten; Wilke, Jürgen (2007). “It’s the debates, stupid! How the introduction of televised debates changed the portrayal of chancellor candidates in the German Press, 1949-2005”. Harvard international journal of press/politics, v. 12, n. 4, pp. 92-111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X07307185
  • Ruiz-del-Olmo, Francisco-Javier; Bustos-Díaz, Javier (2017). “La evolución del debate televisivo como herramienta de comunicación política. Análisis del caso español: de la televisión a Twitter”. Informação & sociedade , v. 27, n. 2, pp. 235-252. http://www.periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs/index.php/ies/article/ view/32491
  • Sánchez-Cuenca, Ignacio (2009). La España de Zapatero. Años de cambio 2004-2008. Madrid: Editorial Pablo Iglesias. ISBN: 978 84 95886 39 2
  • Sierra-Rodríguez, Javier (2015). “Atrapados por nuestras predisposiciones ante los debates electorales por televisión”. Revista mexicana de opinión pública, v. 18, pp. 28-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1870-7300(15)71359-1
  • Wagner, Markus (2016). “Selective exposure, information utility, and the decision to watch televised debates”. International journal of public opinion research, v. 29, n. 4, pp. 533-553. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edw016