Patología de la vitamina D
- García Fernández, Elena
- Luca, B.
ISSN: 0304-5412
Any de publicació: 2012
Títol de l'exemplar: Enfermedades endocrinológicas y metabólicas: patología del metabolismo fosfocálcico
Sèrie: 11
Número: 16
Pàgines: 961-970
Tipus: Article
Altres publicacions en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado
Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible
Resum
There is an elevated prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the general population. This is defined by levels under 20 ng/ml. Standing out among its causes are deficit of its skin synthesis due to limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation due to atmospheric contamination, uses of sun filters, latitudes very far from the equator or aging. Other described causes are malabsorption, hepatic or renal diseases, cytochrome p450 system inductor drugs and obesity. The skeletal consequence of vitamin D deficiency is osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children. There are multiple extraskeletal consequences: muscular weakness and greater tendency to fall, psoriasis, some cancers, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus or greater mortality. There are several preparations on the market for supplements, it being recommendable to monitor· the plasma concentration of the vitamin at 4-6 months to avoid reaching supraphysiological levels that have adverse consequences (hyperkalcemia, hypercalciuria, nephfrolithiasis, etc.),