Nuevos fármacos anti-citoquinas en el arsenal terapéutico de la artritis reumatoide

Resumen

Rheumatoid arthritis is a degenerative and progressive disease with a functional deterioration and an increase in morbility and mortality. In its pathogenesis, the immune system is implied, because it is known the role played by the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), the interleukin 1 (IL-1) and the IL-6 in the development of the disease. The traditional pharmacological therapies have been created around the symptomatic treatment, with the use of disease-modifying drugs (DMD), from which methotrexate is the one that has shown a higher efficacy. In this present work, there are reviewed the disease pathogenesis and the last generation of biological drugs for the treatment of arthritis, mainly directed to stop the inflammatory cascade and to block the action of TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6. The biological DMD currently used and recommended by the several rheumatology societies are Etanercept, Infliximab, Adalimumab and Anakinra