Sexualidad en mujeres con historia de violencia sexual

Resum

A qualitative research was carried out based on grounded theory to know the victim's own voice regarding the meaning of their experience of abuse and how it has impacted on their sexuality. This was done through in-depth interviews with 12 women with a history of sexual abuse in childhood and / or adolescence.Three categories of analysis were considered: family context, experience of abuse and sexuality.It was found that sexual abuse is an experience that negatively impacts the sexuality of the victim.Two meta-themes emerged as a result of the family context and the experience of abuse: feelings of vulnerability and devaluation.Thefamily environment was characterized by violence, untrustworthy relationships, alcoholism, upbringing outside their immediate family and disability or death in one of the parents; as well as a poor sexual education.These elements result in factors of vulnerability towards sexual abuse and re-victimization. On the other hand, the experience of sexual abuse produces uncertainty, pain, rage, guilt, and shame. The pain caused by the betrayal of someone close to the victim who commits the abuse, the scant response from the people called to protect, after revealing the abuse, and the fear of the social stigmatization makes the lack of protection and unworthinessreoccurring. Sexuality is experienced with fear, shame and guilt which results in difficulties for enjoyment and sexual pleasure, sexual aversion, involvement in short-term indiscriminate relationships, painful intercourse, flashbacks of the traumatic event, confusion as to their sexual preference and low sexual self-esteem. The results provide a better understanding of the problem of sexual abuse and help to draw better guidelines in the approach, treatment and prevention.