Determinantes mecánicos de los momentos adductores externos de rodilla durante la marcha en población sana

  1. Javier Pascual Huerta
  2. Juan Manuel Ropa Moreno
  3. Ernesto Maceira Suárez 1
  4. Ángel Orejana García 2
  5. Fermín Viejo Tirado 2
  1. 1 Complejo Hospitalario La Mancha Centro
    info

    Complejo Hospitalario La Mancha Centro

    Alcázar de San Juan, España

  2. 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

Revista:
Revista española de podología

ISSN: 0210-1238

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 32

Número: 1

Páginas: 18-26

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.20986/REVESPPOD.2021.1599/2021 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista española de podología

Resumen

Objetivos: Los momentos articulares en el plano frontal de la rodilla se utilizan actualmente como indicadores indirectos de la carga en los compartimentos medial y lateral. El presente estudio pretende investigar elementos mecánicos predictores de la elevación de los momentos adductores en la rodilla durante la marcha. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un análisis computarizado de la marcha con siete cámaras de vídeo y dos plataformas de fuerza para estudiar variables cinemáticas y cinéticas de individuos sanos. Se analizó la gráfica de los momentos de la rodilla en el plano frontal en tres valores: valor máximo en la primera mitad y en la segunda mitad de la fase de apoyo y valor del área total de la gráfica. Se realizó una comparación entre sexos y una prueba de regresión múltiple con diversos factores mecánicos para determinar estas tres variables. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 100 individuos (56 hombres y 44 mujeres). No se encontraron diferencias en estos tres valores medidos entre hombres y mujeres. Las variables que explicaron mayor variabilidad de los momentos articulares de la rodilla en el plano frontal fueron la alineación femorotibial en carga estática, momentos articulares de la cadera en el plano frontal y rotación tibial durante la marcha. Conclusión: La alineación femorotibial en el plano frontal es el principal factor contribuyente en las cargas de los compartimentos medial y lateral de la rodilla. La musculatura abductora y de la cadera y la rotación tibial son los otros dos factores mecánicos más importantes encontrados.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet