Daltonismo, pseudoacromatismo y categorías verbales

Resumen

The first half of TIDA (Daltonism [colour-blidness] identification test) was used in two tasks with normal trichromatic observers, protans (protanopes and severe protanomalous) and deutans (deutanopes and severe deutanomalous). The first task, which is usually employed as a diagnostic tool, involved choosing stimuli that to the observer were similar to a reference set comprised of achromatic stimuli. While normal trichromatic subjects only selected acrhomatic stimuli, both groups of colour-blind selected as well pseudoacrhomatic stimuli, mainly those usually perceived as green. The second was a verbal naming task that was employed to evaluate the accuracy with which the colour-blind use chromatic categories. The results showed that the colour-blind had a high rate of errors with stimuli that yield a low response in the blue-yellow mechanism (achromatic and pseudoachromatics), but not with those stimuli that yield a high response (high crhomatic stimuli). With pseudochromatic stimuli, and consistently with the results obtained with the selection task, more errors were shown to green stimuli, possibly because these stimuli are perceived as similar by both groups of colour-blind. The only difference found between these groups was that protans used a higher number of achromatic categories.