Capital psicologicorevisión sistemática de la literatura (2010-2020) y propiedades psicometricas de un instrumento de medicion para las organizaciones colombianas

Résumé

The objective of this doctoral thesis has been to contribute to research on psychological capital in Colombia, through in-depth study of the role of this construct in the relationship with other variables, its forms of measurement and the search for optimal measures for the región, from a cross-cultural perspective. Three studies were carried out. The first, a systematic review of the literature (2010-2020), using the Scopus, Proquest and Science Direct databases to obtain evidence about the role of psychological capital as an antecedent, consequent, mediator and moderator. We found 89 articles for full-text review that mainly document the role of mediator and moderator of psychological capital in a fairly wide range of variables from the three levels of organizational behavior, with a majority participation of leadership. There is no report of investigations carried out in Latin America. The second study set out to systematically review the literature (2010-2020) to establish the current state of scientific research on the evaluation of psychological capital and each of its components. The documentary sample of 319 articles for full-text review was taken from the Scopus, Proquest, APA PsycTESTS databases and the Google Academic metasearch engine. The highest number of publications corresponds to resilience assessment instruments (49.2%), followed by self-efficacy (20.1%), hope (15.7%), psychological capital (7.8%) and optimism (7.2%). The scarce psychometric production on psychological capital was evidenced in Colombia and Latin America, and the need to develop and validate tools adapted to the context. Therefore, the third study was in charge of analyzing the psychometric properties of the instrument to assess psychological capital in Colombian organizations: IPSICAP (Delgado-Abella et al., 2018). Three samples of Colombian workers participated (N = 1517, N = 428, N = 105). The following measurement instruments were used: Instrument to evaluate psychological capital in Colombian organizations IPSICAP, the Utrecht Work Engagement Questionnaire (UWES) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). From the analyzes carried out, a version called IPSICAP-24 was created. This is an instrument with adequate levels of reliability. It has sufficient evidence of validity based on the content of the test and evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables: convergent and discriminant. However, evidence of validity based on the structure of the test requires more research to strengthen it. The findings of this thesis confirm the importance of psychological capital in the organizational context, its explanatory power and its ability to generate desirable effects in the world of work and organizations. The need to develop measurement instruments that adequately interpret the cultures has been underlined. The IPSICAP-24 can be an input to develop research, first of a psychometric nature and later, as a tool to generate knowledge and strengthening of human talent in Colombian organizations. The cross-cultural and psychometric implications of research on psychological capital are discussed.