El arte rupestre en el sur del Valle Calchaquí (Salta, Argentina). Estudio de territorialidad por medio de marcadores gráficos

Abstract

Calchaquí Valley is located in the province of Salta, Argentina, and is characterized by the presence of pre-Hispanic archaeological sites. In contrast, systematic background in the study of rock art in the south are more than scarce. The overall objective of this work is functional and temporally contextualizing the rock art sites Calchaquí South Valley. This was necessary to integrate the sites on their territory and applying a methodology that goes beyond the stylistic description. The latter was organized in various stages of data collection and its subsequent processing and analyisis, characterized by the development of an inventory of archaeological sites, the classification of cave paintings and the study sites and natural resources together. With this information, has prepared an implementation model of occupation that exposes the embodiments made in the territory by the native peoples. In this appropriation of the territory are present aspects that refer to a subjective dimension, where representations of nature indicate economic and ritual relations. The abstract dimension of territorial ownership suggests that the population developed a set of rules for access to certain areas as natural and symbolic resources. Finally, a practical dimension that indicates the uses that have populations which inhabited the landscape. The territorial analysis has allowed to estimate those elements associated with the configuration of a traditional territory, where native populations of South Valley Calchaquí materialize their perception of the environment and areas with rock art images of human activities since the Formative perio