Papel del sistema inmune en la infección por el SARS-CoV-2: inmunopatología de la COVID-19

  1. Monserrat Sanz, J. 1
  2. Gómez Lahoz, A.M. 2
  3. Oliva Martín, R. 2
  1. 1 Laboratorio de Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune. Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS). Madrid. España
  2. 2 Laboratorio de Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune. Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Año de publicación: 2021

Título del ejemplar: Enfermedes del sistema inmune (VI)

Serie: 13

Número: 33

Páginas: 1917-1931

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2021.05.005 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumen

El sistema inmune es capaz de controlar adecuadamente la infección por el SARS-CoV-2 en un 81% de los pacientes, cursando de una forma asintomática o con sintomatología moderada; sin embargo, un 19% de los pacientes infectados sufren una enfermedad grave, que llega a convertirse en crítica y mortal. Este trabajo de revisión pretende proporcionar un repaso a los antecedentes epidemiológicos de los β-coronavirus, describir el mecanismo de infección del SARS-CoV-2 y resumir la base inmunológica racional que se conoce hasta la actualidad para permitir una mejor comprensión de la inmunopatología de la COVID-19. El virus SARS-CoV-2 es capaz de alterar profundamente el comportamiento de los componentes moleculares y celulares del sistema inmune. Las decisiones iniciales del sistema inmune innato son responsables de una correcta o inadecuada respuesta del sistema inmune adaptativo y, junto con las comorbilidades, están directamente asociadas a la progresión de la patología.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet