El sistema inmune y el microambiente tumoral: componentes y función

  1. Monserrat Sanz, J. 1
  2. Gómez Lahoz, A.M. 2
  3. Silva, A. 3
  1. 1 Laboratorio de Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune. Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS). Madrid. España
  2. 2 Laboratorio de Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune. Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares. Madrid. España
  3. 3 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Madrid. España
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Journal:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Year of publication: 2021

Issue Title: Enfermedes del sistema inmune (VI)

Series: 13

Issue: 33

Pages: 1932-1941

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2021.05.006 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Abstract

Society nowadays is experiencing a worrying progressive increase in tumor incidence. This increase can be attributed to various factors that are the subject of debate. Some of them are inevitable, such as age, an individual's genetic background, environmental factors, and infections and other concomitant pathologies. Others, such as diet, tobacco use, and alcohol use, depend on our behavior. The microenvironment that is generated in solid tumors is very heterogeneous and complex. It is formed by cancerous, necrotic, stromal, and immune cells. In this brief review, we will analyze the tumor microenvironment (TME) from different points of view, including its degree of inflammation, regulation of angiogenesis, and, mainly, the different types of stromal and immune system cells. These cells form part of a complex cellular interaction which allow for recruitment of both protumor and antitumor cells to the tumor area, which condition its growth, development, and capability for metastasis. TME cells have different immunological phenotypes and capabilities that influence disease progression. Advances in the understanding of the behavior of components in the microenvironment that tumors develop in are key to being able to understand their progress, the patient's prognosis, and thus, possible treatments.

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