Impulsividad y conciencia del problema predicen la adherencia terapéutica y el abandono del tratamiento en el trastorno por juego de azar

  1. María F. Jara-Rizzo 1
  2. Juan F. Navas 1
  3. Trevor Steward 2
  4. Marta López-Gómez 3
  5. Susana Jiménez-Murcia 4
  6. Fernando Fernández-Aranda 4
  7. José C. Perales 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

  2. 2 Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona
  3. 3 Asociación Granadina de Jugadores de Azar en Rehabilitación (AGRAJER)
  4. 4 Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL
Revista:
Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

ISSN: 0214-4840

Año de publicación: 2019

Volumen: 31

Número: 2

Páginas: 147-159

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

Resumen

Este estudio investiga el valor predictivo de la impulsividad como rasgo (evaluada con la escala de conducta impulsiva UPPS-P) y de covariados relevantes (variables sociodemográficas, severidad del juego de azar, estado de ánimo disfórico, otras conductas adictivas e inteligencia no verbal), con respecto al abandono del tratamiento y los niveles de cumplimiento de las prescripciones terapéuticas en pacientes con trastorno por juego de azar. Sesenta y seis pacientes con este trastorno, participantes del proyecto G-Brain, fueron evaluados inicialmente en impulsividad rasgo y en los covariados mencionados. Dicha evaluación se realizó durante los seis primeros meses desde el inicio de su tratamiento. En el seguimiento realizado a los 6 meses, 24 pacientes habían abandonado (grupo ABD) y 42 continuaban el tratamiento (grupo NABD). Los análisis multivariados con las subescalas de impulsividad mostraron diferencias prospectivas entre ambos grupos. Aparentemente, estas diferencias son atribuibles a las dimensiones afectivas de impulsividad (urgencias positiva y negativa). Entre ambas dimensiones, solo la urgencia positiva fue un predictor independiente de un ligero incremento en la probabilidad de abandono. Dentro del grupo NABD, un mayor grado de adherencia terapéutica vino predicho, de manera independiente, tanto por una baja búsqueda de sensaciones como por una mayor conciencia de los problemas vinculados al juego. Estos resultados sugieren que los rasgos de impulsividad de origen afectivo son predictores de abandono del tratamiento en pacientes con trastorno por juego. La conciencia de problemas asociados al juego de azar y una baja búsqueda de sensaciones predisponen a una mayor adherencia a las prescripciones terapéuticas.

Información de financiación

MFJR is funded by the scholarship program offered by the University of Guayaquil – Ecuador, 2015 (Consejo de Educación Superior - CES). JCP and JFN are supported by a grant from the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Secretaría de Estado de In-vestigación, Desarrollo e Innovación; Convocatoria 2013 de Proyectos I+D de Excelencia), with reference number PSI2013-45055-P. JFN has been awarded with an individual research grant (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Programa FPU, reference number FPU13/00669). JCP is member of a RETICS (RD12/0028/0017) group, funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. TS is supported by grants from the Carlos III Health Institute (FIS PI14/00290 and CIBERobn) and co-funded by FEDER funds - a way to build Europe-. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) is an initiative of ISCIII. SJM is co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) — a way to build Europe and by a Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad grant (PSI2015-68701-R).

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