El burnout del profesorado universitario y las intenciones de abandonoUn estudio multi-muestra
- Moreno Jiménez, Bernardo
- Garrosa Hernández, Eva
- Rodríguez Carvajal, Raquel
- Martínez Gamarra, Mariano
- Ferrer Puig, Ramon
ISSN: 1576-5962
Any de publicació: 2009
Volum: 25
Número: 2
Pàgines: 149-163
Tipus: Article
Altres publicacions en: Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology
Resum
Las investigaciones realizadas hasta el momento han identificado al burnout como una respuesta crónica de estrés, fruto del desajuste entre las demandas y los recursos laborales, y como unos de los principales predictores de las intenciones de abandono y en último término del propio abandono de la profesión. Con una muestra de 885 profesores universitarios representativa de tres universidades españolas se analizaron los posibles efectos de mediación del burnout en la relación entre demandas, conflicto interpersonal e intenciones de abandono. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que tanto el agotamiento emocional como el distanciamiento mediaron los efectos que las demandas y el conflicto tienen sobre las intenciones de abandono, mientras que los recursos laborales predijeron negativamente las intenciones de abandono de manera directa. Los resultados obtenidos apoyaron la aplicabilidad de un modelo extendido de demandas-recursos laborales (JD-R model) en profesores universitarios.
Referències bibliogràfiques
- Acevedo, L. (2001). Jornada laboral del profesorado de la enseñanza pública. Revista traballadores/as do Ensino, 222, 11-12.
- Aiken, L. S. y West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park: Sage.
- Bakker, A.B., y Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demandsresources model: state of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309-28.
- Bakker, A.B., Demerouti, E., y Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands: resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43, 83-104.
- Baron, R. M., y Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182.
- Barona, E. (2002). Un trabajo de investigación sobre estrés y burnout en el profesorado universitario. Revista de Educación, 21, 97-118.
- Benavides, F.G., Ruiz-Frutos, C., García A.M. (2000). Salud Laboral: conceptos y técnicas para la prevención de riesgos laborales. Barcelona: Masson.
- Blix, A. G., Cruise, R. J., Mitchell, B. N., y Blix, G. G. (1994). Occupational stress among university teachers. Educational Research, 36, 157–169.
- Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G. y Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd Ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Cordes, C.L., y Dougherty, T.W. (1993). A review and an integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621-656.
- Demerouti, E., Bakker, A.B., De Jonge, J., Janssen, P.P.M., y Schaufeli, W.B. (2001). Burnout and engagement at work as a function of demands and control. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 27, 279-86.
- Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.G., y Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191.
- Gálvez, M. (2006). El desgaste profesional médico: Evaluación específica, la personalidad positiva como recurso y propuestas de prevención. Tesis doctoral inédita, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud.
- Garrosa, E., Moreno-Jiménez, B., Liang, Y., González, J.L. (2008). The relationship between socio-demographic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: An exploratory study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45, 418-427.
- Gil-Monte, PR. (2002). Validez factorial de la adaptación al español del Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey. Salud Pública de México, 44, 33-40.
- Gmelch, W. H., Lovrich, N. P., y Wilke, P. K. (1984). Sources of stress in academe: a national perspective. Research in Higher Education, 20, 477–490.
- Golden, T.D. (2006). Avoiding depletion in virtual work: Telework and the intervening impact of work exhaustion on commitment and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69, 176-187.
- Griffeth, R.W., Hom, P.W., Gaertner, S. (2000). A metaanalysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. Journal of Management, 26, 463-488.
- Halbesleben, J.R.B., Buckley, M.R. (2004). Pluralistic ignorance: historical development and organizational applications. Management Decision, 42, 126-38.
- Halbesleben, J.R.B., y Demerouti, E. (2005). The construct validity of an alternative measure of burnout: investigating the English translation of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Work and Stress, 19, 208-20.
- Harrison, B. J. (1999). Are you destined to burn out? Fund Raising Management, 30, 25–27.
- Heilman, M.E., y Okimoto. T.G. (2007). Why are women penalized for success at male tasks?: The implied communality deficit. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 81- 92.
- Herranz, J., Reig, A., Cabrero, J., Ferrer, R. I., González, J. P. (2006). ¿Cómo distribuyen los profesores universitarios el tiempo que dedican a sus tareas académicas? en “IV Jornadas de Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria. La construcción colegiada del modelo docente universitario del siglo XXI, 1–7.
- Jex, S.M. (1998). Stress and job performance: Theory, research, and implications for managerial practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Karasek RA, Pieper C, Schwartz J. (1993). Job Content Question-naire and user’s guide, version 1.5. Lowell (Boston): University of Massachusetts Lowell, Departament of Work Environment.
- Keinan, G., y Perlberg, A. (1987). Stress in academe: A cross-cultural comparison between Israel and American academicians. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 18, 193–207.
- Kemery, E.R., Mossholder, K.W., Bedeian, A.G. (1987). Role stress, physical symptomatology, and turnover intentions: A causal analysis of three alternative specifications. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 8, 11-23.
- Knudsen, H.K., Ducharme, L.J., y Roman, P.M. (2009). Turnover intention and emotional exhaustion “at the top”: adapting the job demands-resources model to leaders of addiction treatment organizations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14, 84-95.
- Krausz, M., Koslowsky, M., Shalom, N., Elyakim, N. (1995). Predictors of intentions to leave the ward, the hospital, and the nursing profession: A longitudinal study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 277-288.
- Kristensen, N. y Westergärd-Nielsen, N. (2004). Does Low Job Satisfaction Lead to Job Mobility? Discussion Paper No. 1026, IZA.
- Lackritz J.R. (2004). Exploring burnout among university faculty: incidence, performance, and demographic issues. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 713–729.
- Lee, R. T., y Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123-133.
- Ivancevich, J.M., Matteson, M.T., y Preston, C. (1982). Occupational stress, type A behavior, and physical well being. Academy of Management, 25, 237-253.
- Maslach, C., y Leiter, M. P. (1999). Take this job and y love it!. Psychology Today, 32, 50–53.
- Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
- Melamed, S., Shirom, A., Toker, S., Berliner, S., y Shapira, I. (2006), “Burnout and risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence, possible causal paths, and promising research directions”, Psychological Bulletin, 132, 327-53.
- Moreno Jiménez B, Rodríguez-Carvajal R, Escobar Redonda E. (2001). La evaluación del burnout profesional. Factorialización del MBI-GS. Un análisis preliminar. Ansiedad y Estrés, 7, 69-77.
- Moreno-Jiménez, B., Gálvez Herrer, M., Garrosa Hernández, E. y Mingote Adán, J.C. (2006). Nuevos planteamientos en la evaluación del burnout. La evaluación específica del desgaste profesional médico. Atención Primaria, 38, 544-549.
- Mulki, P.J., Jaramillo, F., y Locander, W. (2008). Effect of Ethical Climate on Turnover Intentions: Linking Attitudinaland Stress Theory. Journal of Business Ethics, 78, 559-574.
- Neidle, E. A. (1984). Teacher approaches to combating professional burnout. Journal of Dental Education, 48, 91–94.
- Otero López, J.M., Mariño, M.J., y Castro Bolaño, C. (2008). An integrating approach to the study of burnout in University Professors. Psicothema, 20, 766-772.
- Pando-Moreno, M., Castañeda-Torres, J., Gregoris-Gómez, M., Aguila-Marin, A., Ocampo-de-Aguila, L., y Navarrete, R. M. (2006). Factores psicosociales y síndrome de burnout en docentes de la Universidad del Valle de Atemejac, Guadalaraja, México. Salud en Tabasco, 12, 523-529.
- Penney, L. M., y Spector, P. E. (2005). Job stress, incivility, and counterproductive workplace behavior (CWB): The moderating role of negative affectivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 777-796.
- Podsakoff, N.P., LePine, J.A., y LePine, M.A. (2007). Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 438-454.
- Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.M., Lee, J., y Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Common method variance in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879-903.
- Ponce, C.R., Bulnes, M. S., Alaga, J. R., Atalaya, M.C., y Huertas, R. E. (2005). El síndrome del “quemado” por estrés laboral asistencial en grupos de docentes universitarios. Revista de Investigación en Psicología, 8, 87-112.
- Rodríguez-Carvajal, R., Moreno-Jiménez, B., Garrosa, E., Morante, E. (2007). Dyadic Self-regulation in Physicians Burnout: Implications for Affect, Relationships and Wellbeing. Health Psychology Review, 1, 142-144.
- Salanova M, Schaufeli W, Llorens S, Peiró JM, Grau R. (2000). Desde el “burnout” al “engagement”: Una nueva perspectiva? Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y las Organizaciones, 16, 117-134.
- Schaufeli, W.B. y Bakker, A.B. (2004). Job demands, job resources and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293-315.
- Schaufeli, W.B. y Enzmann, D. (1998). The burnout companion to study & practice: A critical analysis. London: Taylor & Francis.
- Seiler, R.E. y Pearson, D.A (1984). .Dysfunctional stress among university faculty. Educational Research Quarterly. 9, 15-26.
- Sethi, V., Barrier, T. A. y King, R. C. (1999). An examination of the correlates of burnout in information systems professionals. Information Resources Management Journal, 12, 5–13.
- Sierra Bravo, R. (2001) Técnicas de Investigación Social. Teoría y ejercicios. Madrid. Ed. Paraninfo.
- Singh, S. N., Mishra, S., y Kim, D. (1998). Research-related burnout among faculty in higher education. Psychological Reports, 83, 463.
- Sorcinelli, M. D. y Gregory, M. W. (1987). Teacher stress: the tension between career demands and ‘having it all’. In P. Seldin (Ed.), Coping with teacher stress. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Spector, P.E. y Fox. S. (2002). An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior: Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Human Resources Management Review, 12, 269-292.
- Schaufeli, W.B. y Bakker, A. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 25, 293-315.
- Schwartz, S.L. (2008). Engaging our workforce: How job demands and resources contribute to social worker burnout, engagement and intent to leave. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences 68(7-A), 3151.
- Toppinen Tanner, S., Kalimo, R., y Mutanen, P. (2002). The process of burnout in white collar and blue collar jobs: Eight year prospective study of exhaustion. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 555-570.
- Vilar, R., Cifre, E., Llorens, S. y Salanova, M. (2001) [CDROM]. Estudio exploratorio de los riesgos psicosociales del trabajo docente universitario: Elaboración de un instrumento de medida. XII Congreso Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. Valencia.
- Villanueva, D. y Djurkovic, N. (2009). Occupational stress and intention to leave among employees in small and medium enterprises. International Journal of Stress Management, 16, 124-137.
- Zhang, S-Y., Xu, Y., Jiang, J. (2006). Relationship of Police Officers’ Job Burnout with Job Demands, Job Resources, Physical and Mental Health. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 14, 391-404.