Nuevas observaciones sobre la vegetación del sur del Perúdel Desierto Pacífico al Altiplano

Abstract

New observations about the vegetation of Southern Peru. From the Pacific Desert to the high Andean plateau. In this work, we present new reports about the vegetation of southern Peru, from the Pacific Desert to the highland of the Altiplano: As result, 19 new associations distributed in different plant formations are described: coastal shrublands and climax forests [Echinopsio chalaensis-Randietum armatae (semiarid thermotropical spiny schrubs), Caesalpinio spinosae-Myrcianthetum ferreyrae (dry thermotropical forests)], herb communities of the coastal hills [Nolano spathulatae-Palauetum dissectae (herbs on low stabilized sandy soils), Hoffmannseggio mirandae-Palauetum weberbaueri (herbs on stabilized sandy soils)], coastal vegetation on salt soils [Cresso truxillensis-Distichlietum spicatae (plant community on salt and sandy soils), Cypero laevigati-Distichlietum spicatae (vegetation on humid salt soils), Lippio nodiflorae- Paspaletum vaginati (grasslands of the Pacific Coast flooded by salt waters), Schoenoplectetum olneyiamericani (Rushes of the Pacific Coast), Sporobolo virginici-Distichlietum spicatae (coastal grasslands)], coastal riverside shrublands [Plucheetum absinthioidis (halophilous shrub communities)], freatic plant communities of the ravines [Acacio macracanthae-Tecometum guarumis (freatic thermo-mesotropical association of Ica department), Schino mollis-Tecometum arequipensis (freatic thermo-mesotropical association of SE Arequipa and NW Moquegua departments), Schino mollis-Tecometum tanaeciiflorae (freatic thermo-mesotropical association of the affluents of the Colca river in Arequipa)], columnar cactus plant communities [Armatocereo riomajensis-Euphorbietum apurimacensis (semiarid mesotropical cactus and Euphorbia-shrubs vegetation of the Colca canyon in Arequipa), Weberbauerocereo rahuii-Browningietum candelaris (arid thermotropical cactus vegetation of the Cotahuasi, Colca and Siguas valleys in Arequipa), Weberbauerocereo rahuii-Corryocactetum brevistyli (arid-semiarid mesotropical cactus vegetation of the Cotahuasi and Colca canyons in Arequipa) and Weberbauerocereo torataensis-Corryocactetum brevistyli (arid mesotropical cactus vegetation of the Torata valley in Moquegua), rock plant vegetation [Polyachyro sphaerocephali-Puyetum densiflorae (supratropical rock plant communities of the Colca canyon in Arequipa)], and grass-shrublands and Puya plant communities [Baccharido tricuneatae-Puyetum raimondii (subhumid orotropical plant communities with Puya raimondii), Diplostephio tovari-Festucetum orthophyllae (drysubhumid orotropical grass-shrublands of the interandean valleys). Moreover, 4 alliances and three orders are described [Grindelion glutinosae and Citharexylo flexuosi-Crotonetalia alnifolii (shrublands and forests of the coastal hills of Southern Perú), Ludwigio octovalvis-Paspalion vaginati and Schoenoplectetalia olneyiamericani (grasslands and rushes of the Pacific Desert), Plucheion absinthioidis (coastal shrublands of the Arequipeño sector), and Sarcocornio neei-Distichlion spicatae and Sarcocornietalia neei (salt vegetation of the Peruvian and Chilean pacific coast)], and 1 phytosociological class [Carico candicantis-Caesalpinietea spinosae (dry-semiarid thermo-mesotropical shrublands and forests of the neotropical Pacific Desert and occidental Andean slops]. Also, a commented syntaxonomical scheme with the phytosociological units for the Southern Peru vegetation is presented.